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    Large Numerical Aperture Metalens with High Modulation Transfer Function

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    Embargo End Date:
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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Zhang, Jian
    Dun, Xiong
    Zhu, Jingyuan
    Zhang, Zhanyi
    Feng, Chao
    Wang, Zhanshan
    Heidrich, Wolfgang cc
    Cheng, Xinbin cc
    KAUST Department
    Computer Science Program
    Visual Computing Center (VCC)
    Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering (CEMSE) Division
    Date
    2023-03-14
    Embargo End Date
    2024-03-14
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/690388
    
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    Abstract
    Large numerical aperture (NA) lenses with high modulation transfer functions (MTFs) promise high image resolution for advanced optical imaging. However, it is challenging to achieve a high MTF using traditional large-NA lenses, which are fundamentally limited by the amplitude mismatch. In contrast, metasurfaces are promising for realizing amplitude and phase matching for ideal lenses. However, current metalenses are mostly based on a phase-only (PO) profile because the strong coupling among the metaatoms in large-NA lenses makes perfect amplitude matching quite challenging to realize. Here, we derive a phase-and-amplitude (PA) profile that approaches the theoretical MTF limit for large-NA lenses and use interferometric unit cells combined with a segmented sampling approach to achieve the desired amplitude and phase control. For the first time, we show that the amplitude does not require a perfect match; realizing the trend of the required amplitude is sufficient to significantly increase the MTF of a large-NA lens. We demonstrated a 0.9 NA cylindrical metalens at 940 nm with a Struve ratio (SR), which describes how close the MTF is to the upper limit, increasing from 0.68 to 0.90 compared with the PO metalens. Experimentally, we achieved an SR of 0.77 for the 0.9 NA lens, which is even 0.09 higher than the simulated SR of the PO metalens. Our investigation provides new insights for large-NA lenses and has potential applications in high-image-resolution optical systems.
    Citation
    Zhang, J., Dun, X., Zhu, J., Zhang, Z., Feng, C., Wang, Z., Heidrich, W., & Cheng, X. (2023). Large Numerical Aperture Metalens with High Modulation Transfer Function. ACS Photonics. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.2c02029
    Sponsors
    This work was supported by Shanghai Pujiang Program (20PJ1414200); National Natural Science Foundation of China (61621001, 61925504, 6201101335, 62020106009, 62105243, 62192770, 62192772); Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (17JC1400800, 20JC1414600, 21JC1406100); and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project (2021SHZDZX0100).
    Publisher
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Journal
    ACS Photonics
    DOI
    10.1021/acsphotonics.2c02029
    Additional Links
    https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsphotonics.2c02029
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1021/acsphotonics.2c02029
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Computer Science Program; Visual Computing Center (VCC); Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering (CEMSE) Division

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