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    Freevalve: Control and Optimization of Fully Variable Valvetrain-Enabled Combustion Strategies for High Performance Engines

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    Name:
    2022-01-1066-REVC-FinalMaanuscript-Powertrains Fuels & Lubricants Conference and Exhibition.pdf
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    1.527Mb
    Format:
    PDF
    Description:
    Accepted Manuscript
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    Type
    Conference Paper
    Authors
    Elmagdoub, Abdelrahman Waleed Mohamed
    Möller, Andreas
    Carlson, Urban
    Brace, Chris
    Akehurst, Sam
    Turner, James W. G. cc
    Zhang, Nic
    KAUST Department
    King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
    Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division
    Mechanical Engineering Program
    Clean Combustion Research Center
    Date
    2022-08-30
    Embargo End Date
    2023-03-02
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/682318
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    With ever stricter legislative requirements for CO2 and other exhaust emissions, significant efforts by OEMs have launched a number of different technological strategies to meet these challenges such as Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs). However, a multiple technology approach is needed to deliver a broad portfolio of products as battery costs and supply constraints are considerable concerns hindering mass uptake of BEVs. Therefore, further investment in Internal Combustion (IC) engine technologies to meet these targets are being considered, such as lean burn gasoline technologies alongside other high efficiency concepts such as dedicated hybrid engines. Hence, it becomes of sound reason to further embrace diversity and develop complementary technologies to assist in the transition to the next generation hybrid powertrain. One such approach is to provide increased valvetrain flexibility to afford new degrees of freedom in engine operating strategies. Freevalve is an electro-hydraulic-pneumatic valve actuation system enabling independent control of IC engine valves, conceptualized by Koenigsegg's Freevalve AB. Developed primarily in line with increasingly strict emissions legislations over the past two decades, the cam-less engine technology has demonstrated significant potential, offering 20% decreased fuel consumption and 60% less cold start emissions on an average drive cycle. Adopting a software-based, data-driven, statistical approach, this paper provides a review of the most recent valve operating strategies enabled by the Fully Variable Valvetrain (FVVT) engine technology. It provides a case study for peak performance using the "Ultra Boost for Economy"(Ultraboost) project's engine as a state-of-the-art advanced valvetrain control benchmark. The One-Dimensional physics-based models are created in GT-Suite to comparatively demonstrate potential benefits of Freevalve compared to industry-standard common camshaft technologies. In addition to mitigating arising environmental concerns, preliminary findings have demonstrated that new degrees-of-freedom enabled by the FVVT IC engine technology, Freevalve, present significant potential to improve the full load curve of performance-focused engines, particularly at the low-medium engine speed range.
    Citation
    Elmagdoub, A. W. M., Möller, A., Carlson, U., Brace, C., Akehurst, S., Turner, J., & Zhang, N. (2022). Freevalve: Control and Optimization of Fully Variable Valvetrain-Enabled Combustion Strategies for High Performance Engines. SAE Technical Paper Series. https://doi.org/10.4271/2022-01-1066
    Sponsors
    The authors wish to thank the directors of Koenigsegg Automotive AB and Freevalve AB for permission to publish this paper. The modelling work undertaken was based upon a validated model originally developed under the “Ultra Boost for Economy” project funded by the UK Technology Strategy Board, now Innovate UK (IUK), grant number BN008E 2010-2013. The contribution of Lotus Engineering towards producing the first-generation GT-Power model used and updated throughout this paper for comparative reasons is also recognized. Additionally, the authors would like to acknowledge the contribution of MAHLE Powertrain towards the simulation of Freevalve’s mechanics, the results from which were extremely important in the computation of the consequential auxiliary loads. This work is supported by a scholarship from the UK’s EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Advanced Automotive Propulsion Systems (AAPS) at the University of Bath, under project code EP/S023364/1.
    Publisher
    SAE International
    Conference/Event name
    SAE 2022 Powertrains, Fuels and Lubricants Conference and Exhibition, PFL 2022
    DOI
    10.4271/2022-01-1066
    Additional Links
    https://www.sae.org/content/2022-01-1066/
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.4271/2022-01-1066
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Conference Papers; Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division; Mechanical Engineering Program; Clean Combustion Research Center

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