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    Computational optimization of a hydrogen direct-injection compression-ignition engine for jet mixing dominated nonpremixed combustion

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Babayev, Rafig cc
    Andersson, Arne
    Dalmau, Albert Serra cc
    Im, Hong G. cc
    Johansson, Bengt
    KAUST Department
    Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division
    Mechanical Engineering Program
    Clean Combustion Research Center
    Date
    2021-12-15
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/674996
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    Hydrogen (H2) nonpremixed combustion has been showcased as a potentially viable and preferable strategy for direct-injection compression-ignition (DICI) engines for its ability to deliver high heat release rates and low heat transfer losses, in addition to potentially zero CO2 emissions. However, this concept requires a different optimization strategy compared to conventional diesel engines, prioritizing a combustion mode dominated by free turbulent jet mixing. In the present work, this optimization strategy is realized and studied computationally using the CONVERGE CFD solver. It involves adopting wide piston bowl designs with shapes adapted to the H2 jets, altered injector umbrella angle, and an increased number of nozzle orifices with either smaller orifice diameter or reduced injection pressure to maintain constant injector flow rate capacity. This work shows that these modifications are effective at maximizing free-jet mixing, thus enabling more favorable heat release profiles, reducing wall heat transfer by 35%, and improving indicated efficiency by 2.2 percentage points. However, they also caused elevated incomplete combustion losses at low excess air ratios, which may be eliminated by implementing a moderate swirl, small post-injections, and further optimized jet momentum and piston design. Noise emissions with the optimized DICI H2 combustion are shown to be comparable to those from conventional diesel engines. Finally, it is demonstrated that modern engine concepts, such as the double compression-expansion engine, may achieve around 56% brake thermal efficiency with the DICI H2 combustion, which is 1.1 percentage point higher than with diesel fuel. Thus, this work contributes to the knowledge base required for future improvements in H2 engine efficiency.
    Citation
    Babayev, R., Andersson, A., Serra Dalmau, A., Im, H. G., & Johansson, B. (2021). Computational optimization of a hydrogen direct-injection compression-ignition engine for jet mixing dominated nonpremixed combustion. International Journal of Engine Research, 146808742110535. doi:10.1177/14680874211053556
    Sponsors
    The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was sponsored by the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) and the Combustion Engine Research Center (CERC) at the Chalmers University of Technology. All computer simulations were performed on Shaheen II supercomputer operated by KAUST Supercomputing Laboratory (KSL). Convergent Science provided CONVERGE licenses and technical support for this work.
    Publisher
    SAGE Publications
    Journal
    International Journal of Engine Research
    DOI
    10.1177/14680874211053556
    Additional Links
    http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/14680874211053556
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1177/14680874211053556
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division; Mechanical Engineering Program; Clean Combustion Research Center

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