Unique g-C3N4/PDI-g-C3N4 homojunction with synergistic piezo-photocatalytic effect for aquatic contaminant control and H2O2 generation under visible light

Abstract

Herein, a g-C3N4/PDI-g-C3N4 homojunction has been fabricated for piezo-photocatalytic atrazine removal and exhibited better performance than individual photocatalysis or piezocatalysis. The introduction of PDI induces the π-π interaction facilitating electrons migration, and twists the g-C3N4 plane into a more polar porous structure with enhanced piezoelectricity. The homojunction facilitates the photoelectron transfer at the g-C3N4/PDI-g-C3N4 interfaces. The photoelectricity and the piezoelectricity of g-C3N4/PDI-g-C3N4 were assessed. The finite element simulation showed that the porous structure of the g-C3N4/PDI-g-C3N4 is essential to the enhanced piezoelectricity. Astonishingly, the piezo-photocatalytic atrazine degradation rate under an optimized condition (pH=2.97) reached 94% within 60 min. Moreover, the g-C3N4/PDI-g-C3N4 homojunction produced 625.54 μM H2O2 during the one-hour piezo-photocatalysis. Given the quenching experiments, reactive species detection and the electronic band of g-C3N4/PDI-g-C3N4, the piezo-photocatalytic mechanism has been proposed. In addition, the degradation pathways and the reduced intermediates toxicity intermediates of atrazine have been investigated.