RSS 1.0PSE Research Groups Expo 2021
Recent Submissions
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Inverse Problems In Geosciences(2021-11-03) [Poster]Inverse problems in geosciences The Deep Imaging Group (DIG) research activities lie at the intersection between geoscience andinverse problems. We aim to leverage recent advances from the inverse problem communityas well as to develop novel methods ourselves for solving geoscientific problems. Our researchis highly interdisciplinary, combining ideas from applied mathematics, machine learning, imagingsciences, and computer science. In this poster I will showcase a few topics of our ongoing andfuture research. In inverse problems we wish to infer the properties of hidden objects from measured data and anunderlying physical model by solving an optimization problem. Although, generally speaking, genâ erating data from a known model is a wellâ posed problem, inverse problems are illâ posed, meaningthat at least one of the three following conditions is violated: 1. A solution exists,2. The solution is unique,3. The solution is stable with respect to perturbations in the data. This is due to either incomplete and corrupted data or the nonâ invertibility of the model. To solvesuch problems, we have to rely on prior knowledge about the solution. Incorporating the priorknowledge into the optimization problem is called regularization. Active research in the field ofinverse problems is mostly focused on designing new regularizers and algorithms that can solvethe resulting optimization problem in a computationally and memory efficient way. In this poster we showcase two recent works of our group: Multiâ Dimensional Deconvolution: a process that is ubiquitous in exploration geophysics andother fields like ultrasound imaging. We show that this problem can be stably solved byincorporating regularization based on information about some physical properties of thesolution;SR3: a novel algorithm that can be used with a widely used class of regularizers that promotesparsity. We present novel insight into the convergence rate of the algorithm and propose animplementation suitable for largeâ scale problems.
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Hybrid Polypepti(O)Des Based Unimolecular Micelles(2021-11-03) [Poster]Hybrid Polypepti(o)des Based Unimolecular Micelles Introduction Arborescent polymers have a tree-like architecture resulting from successive grafting reactions, leading to useful properties for multiple applications. In particular, amphiphilic dendritic polymers display micelle-like properties with good colloidal stability and tailorable characteristics, making them good candidates as drug carriers. Unlike other dendritic systems, arborescent polymers can be synthesized with high molecular weight and low polydispersity index (PDI < 1.1) in a few steps 1-3. In the example provided here, the arborescent polypeptides derived from biocompatible and degradable poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate)-co-L-glutamic acid 1-tert-butyl ester PBG-co-PGlu(OtBu) segments serve as hydrophobic core for the unimolecular micelles, while polysarcosine (Psar) segments form a hydrophilic corona. Living ring-opening polymerization (ROP) was applied to synthesize the linear polymers. All generations of arborescent systems were produced by peptides coupling reaction (grafting onto method). Two different grafting modes were studied during the coating process (end grafted and randomly grafted method). The resulting unimolecular micelles were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Conclusions ⠢Arborescent unimolecular micelles were synthesized and characterized successfully ⠢The shielding effect was significant for the hydrophobic core in 1H NMR spectroscopy ⠢Two grafting modes were successfully applied for coating the hydrophobic core PBG-co-PGlu(OtBu) by Psar corona ⠢End-grafted unimolecular arborescent illustrated well-defined core-shell structure in contrast to its analog randomly-grafted unimolecular arborescent
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Nature-Inspired Synthetic Assemblies For Delivery And Separation Applications(2021-11-03) [Poster]
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Nanomaterials And Nanotechnology For Sustainable Energy Storage(2021-11-03) [Poster]
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Oxide & Organic Nanomaterials For Energy & Environment Laboratory(2021-11-03) [Poster]Title: OXIDE & ORGANIC NANOMATERIALS FOR ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT ONE ⬡ LAB Prof.: Cafer T. Yavuz Authors:Javeed Mahmood, Seok-Jin Kim, Thien S. Nguyen, PravinTkaram Babar, Raghu VamsyMaligal Ganesh
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Combustion And Pyrolysis Chemistry (Cpc) Group(2021-11-03) [Poster]CPC Group Clean Combustion Research Center (CCRC) Machine Learning (ML) Models - Fuel properties - Thermochemistry - Engine performance Internal Combustion Engines - H2 in internal combustion engines - Modeling and optimization of pre-chamber engines Computational Chemistry - Quantum chemistry and kinetics: rate constants calculations - Molecular dynamics simulations: reaction mechanisms Kinetic Modeling - Kinetic models to simulate the oxidation and pyrolysis processes of fuels - FGMech approach - Formulation of surrogates for complex chemical process Lowering CO2 Emissions Strategies - Alternative fuels: H2, liquid organic H2 carriers, ammonia, biomass, formic acid â ¦ - Mobile carbon capture: engines with MOF-based CO2 storage systems Decrease the environmental impact of energy and chemical conversion processes
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Towards High Performance Adhesive Bonding By Substrate And/Or Adhesive Texturing(2021-11-03) [Poster]Introduction: Adhesive bonding of composite structures is widely used due to the light weight and structural integrity. Challenges lie in1) improving jointsâ intrinsic performance,2) promoting progressive failure, and3) keep substratesâ integrity. Strategies: Promote long-range bridging and non-local toughening through designed texturing strategies on composite substrates and/or epoxy adhesive layer.
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High Pressure Combustion Laboratory(2021-11-03) [Poster]HIGH PRESSURE COMBUSTION The main objective of our research is to understand the turbulence - chemistry interaction at practical conditions: •high Reynolds numbers •high pressures •multi-component and emerging fuels (e.g., NH3) •high gas mass flow We have developed unique hardware to allow quantitative measurements of vector and scalar quantities with high spatial and temporal resolution. Our high pressure lab is the only facility in the world capable of these condition combinations. SOOT FORMATION We are interested in soot formation at high pressure. We separate formation from oxidation using inverse diffusion flame. We are able to employ advanced diagnostics to measure species and morphology to further our understanding of soot formation. PRESSURE GAIN To study pressure gain, we replace isobaric heat addition in the Brayton cycle with isochoric heat addition. This helps demonstrate the stagnation pressure gain at elevated pressures and the reduction in NOx formation. GASIFICATION We are establishing a gasifier capable of handling different solids, liquids, and gases. Gasification is used to improve the value of many low-value fuels by converting them to clean syngas. Syngas can be converted to power, hydrogen, and chemicals, etc. CORROSION Understanding the effects new fuels have on materials becomes critical. A high-pressure, high-temperature rig is used to elucidate the behavior of the material and environment interaction after long-term exposure. DESULFURIZATION Desulfurizing fuel is critical to help reduce emissions. Particularly, we focus on removing sulfur from heavy fuel oil to demonstrate its ability to burn cleanly. SONOCHEMISTRY We are furthering our understanding of the mechanical and chemical effects of ultrasonic cavitation. This sonochemistry leads to the formation and the collapse of very small bubbles which creates large interfacial areas and very high temperatures and pressure when they collapse. We want to understand the effect when we expose heavy fuel oil to ultrasonic cavitation to further the safe usage of HFO. CRYOGENIC CARBON CAPTURE To adopt the 4 R’s of reduce, reuse, recycle, and remove, we are diving into the technology of carbon capture. We are developing a trailer-mounted CCC skid to be easily transported to various test sites in the Kingdom to help remove carbon from emissions. This skid has the additional capability to onboard other pollutants such as SOx and NOx.
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Linked Nickel Oxide/Perovskite Interface Passivation For High-Performance Textured Monolithic Tandem Solar Cells(2021-11-03) [Poster]Linked nickel oxide/perovskite interface passivation for high-performance textured monolithic tandem solar cells. Sputtered nickel oxide (NiO x is an attractive hole transport layer for efficient, stable, and large area p-i-n metal halide perovskite solar cells ( However, surface traps and undesirable chemical reactions at the NiOx/perovskite interface are limiting the performance of NiOx based PSCs We passivate the NiOx interface by N719 dye Benefits of the passivation (i) Concurrent passivation of both surfaces (ii) Preventing perovskite degradation by NiO x surface (iii) Conformal coverage on a textured surface
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Advanced Diagnostics For Turbulent Flames(2021-11-03) [Poster]Advanced diagnostics for turbulent flames. Our group develops and applies novel laser diagnostics techniques to understand and enable sustainable combustion concepts that will power the future.
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Modeling Homogeneous And Heterogeneous Catalysis(2021-11-03) [Poster]
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Functional Material Design Development And Discovery (Fmd3)(2021-11-03) [Poster]
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Theoretical Study Of Materials For Nanoelectronics(2021-11-03) [Poster]Theoretical Study of Materials for Nanoelectronics Dr. Fernan Saiz and Prof. Mario LanzaPhysical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyIn our group, we synthesize materials for their potential use as candidates to build nanoelectronics components. This work is based on measuring their structure at scales as little as a few dozen nanometers with state-of-the-art techniques such as atomic force microscopy (AFM) and their measure their electronic transport properties with conductive AFM. We also carry out computational work to predict these properties by modelling these systems with atomistic codes. Therefore, our group bridges experiments and theory to unravel the physical mechanisms behind the findings observed the laboratory. NANOINDENTATIONWe model the nanoindentation of amorphous silica (SiO2) with a Platinum (Pt) tip used in atomic force microscopy (AFM) using molecular dynamics (MD) EXPERIMENTAL SETUP ATOMISTIC MODEL We find the relationship between the force acting on the tip and its penetration depth as a function of the contact area ION MIGRATION IN ULTRA-THIN MATERIALSWe model the migration of metal ions (Au, Ag, and Pt) through ultra-thin layers of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) using density functional theory (DFT) EXPERIMENTAL SETUP ATOMISTIC MODEL We calculate the migration energies as ELECTRONIC TRANSPORT IN INTERFACESWe model the transport of electrons across the interfaces in molecular junctions made of Pt tip or Au substrate + DDP (polymer) + Cu EXPERIMENTAL SETUP ATOMISTIC MODEL We calculate the Schottky barrier, which is defined as where psi_Pt is the metalâ s work function and chi_SiO2 is the insulatorâ s electron affinityThe Schottky barrier gives us an idea of how easy is for the electron to move from one surface (Pt) to another (SiO2)
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Data-Driven Rock-Physics Inversion Of Seismic Pre-Stack Data For Co2 Monitoring(2021-11-03) [Poster]Data-driven Rock-Physics inversion of seismic pre-stack data for CO2 monitoring Due to the high global energy demand, CCS and CCUS projects became targets to mitigate net CO2 emissions. In this context, we are facing the need to characterize and monitor the CO2 plume in saline aquifers. Our study aims to obtain the petrophysical properties of a reservoir before and during carbon dioxide injection. To achieve this, we propose a data-driven approach to rock physics inversion that uses a rock-physics model with optimal basis functions to invert band-limited seismic data for rock properties directly. Our new approach promises to be more robust and efficient than the traditional two-step-inversion process from the seismic gather to elastic parameters and then petrophysical properties. We have presented a fast and accurate methodology to invert pre-stack seismic data for petrophysical properties directly. Some of the distinguishing features of our methodology are: Direct recovering of petrophysical properties. Valid for strong contrasts and high angles. Reduced need for regularization parameters. Computational cost reduced. However, being this a data-driven approach, the optimal basis functions are expected to perform poorly when used to extrapolate to unseen geological settings.
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Perceiving Tactile Stimuli In A Stretchable And Ultraflexible 3D Printed Electronic Skin(2021-11-03) [Poster]Perceiving tactile stimuli with stretchable and ultraflexible 3D printed electronic skin Electronic skin (e-skin) is an emergent area that focuses on mimicking the functionalities of human skin through sensing materials and electronic devices. While conventional fabrication methods like photolithography and transfer printing have been used to produce e-skin devices, 3D printing technology can introduce advantages like ease of design and rapid prototyping of complex geometries for soft sensors. This work introduces a versatile 3D-printable conductive human skin-like composite material to generate complex three-dimensional structure-based high-performance resistive pressure and strain sensors for e-skin applications that can be integrated in robotic limbs and prostheses to measure touch and a wide range of human motions. By using a combination of silicone inks as a matrix alongside conductive nanofibers, our technique can generate pressure sensors that can perceive and quantify mechanical stimuli by transducing applied stimulus into a change in electrical resistance, with conductivity values of up to 0.7 S m-1, stretchability of up to 1000%, and Young's modulus (0.3 MPa) that approaches that of real human skin. We aim to develop pigmented e-skin sensors and utilized them to build complex resistive pressure and strain sensors with a 1200% increased sensitivity in comparison to bulk sensors.
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Neighbors Of Water Entry(2021-11-03) [Poster]Neighbors of water entry When two neighboring spheres fall simultaneously into water side-by-side they create asymmetric cavities that are so similar to one another it is hard to tell that there is no mirroring trick used (left). The images also reveal the asymmetric pinch-off alters the singularity.In contrast, when a single steel sphere (diameter, D) falls onto a free surface an axially symmetric cavity emerges underwater (a). The axial symmetry also occurs for the two sphere case if they are dropped far enough apart (Î x = 1.8D, b). As the distance between them decreases, the likelihood of antisymmetry increases, for instance (Î x = 1D, c). Perhaps obvious to a fluid mechanician, a very similar phenomenon can be achieved by replacing the neighboring sphere by a solid wall (Î x = 1D, d). The potential flow theory predicts that a dimensionless parameter Î x/D shouldscalethe neighboring effects on one another, which it does (e). The dimensionless pinch off time t'p/tp shows the diminishing return between neighbors (Î x/D), where t'p is the time of pinch off of that case and tp is the time of pinch off of a single sphere (a).
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Exploring The Molecular N-Type Doping In Halide Perovskites(2021-11-03) [Poster]Exploring the Molecular n-type Doping in Halide Perovskites Luis Huerta Hernandez, Luis Lanzetta, Diego Rosas, Md Azimul Haque, and Derya Baran Electrical doping is a key feature of any semiconductor material. Here we use the archetypal MAPbI3 as host and N-DMBI as the molecular n-dopant. We study two different doping methodologies and their influence in the electronic, optical and structural properties of MAPbI3.
