Lead-carbon battery negative electrodes: Mechanism and materials

Abstract

Lead-carbon batteries have become a game-changer in the large-scale storage of electricity generated from renewable energy. During the past five years, we have been working on the mechanism, additives and battery architecture design of lead-carbon batteries. We demonstrated the electrochemical origin of the enhanced charge acceptance of lead-carbon battery, and developed effective composite additives based on porous carbons for high-performance lead-carbon electrodes and lead-carbon batteries. Our lead-carbon batteries show high-performance under partial state of charge (PSoC) and high-rate PSoC duties. This paper gives audiences an overview of our work on lead-carbon batteries in the recent five years.