Secret-Key Agreement with Public Discussion over Multi-Antenna Transmitters with Amplitude Constraints

Abstract

We consider secret-key agreement with public discussion over a multiple-input single output (MISO) Gaussian channel with an amplitude constraint. We prove that the capacity is achieved by a discrete input, i.e., an input whose support is sparse. The proof follows from the concavity of the conditional mutual information in terms of the input distribution and hence the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) condition provides a necessary and sufficient condition for optimality. Then, a contradiction argument that rules out the non-sparsity of any optimal input's support is utilized. The latter approach is essential to apply the identity theorem in a multidimensional setting as R n is not an open subset of C n .