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    Adduct-based p-doping of organic semiconductors

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Sakai, Nobuya
    Warren, Ross
    Zhang, Fengyu
    Nayak, Simantini
    Liu, Junliang
    Kesava, Sameer V.
    Lin, Yen-Hung
    Biswal, Himansu S.
    Lin, Xin
    Grovenor, Chris
    Malinauskas, Tadas
    Basu, Aniruddha cc
    Anthopoulos, Thomas D. cc
    Getautis, Vytautas
    Kahn, Antoine
    Riede, Moritz
    Nayak, Pabitra K.
    Snaith, Henry J.
    KAUST Department
    KAUST Solar Center (KSC)
    Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division
    Material Science and Engineering Program
    KAUST Grant Number
    OSR-2019-CRG8-4095
    OSR-2018-CARF/CCF-3079
    Date
    2021-04-22
    Online Publication Date
    2021-04-22
    Print Publication Date
    2021-09
    Embargo End Date
    2021-10-22
    Submitted Date
    2019-06-12
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/668909
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Electronic doping of organic semiconductors is essential for their usage in highly efficient optoelectronic devices. Although molecular and metal complex-based dopants have already enabled significant progress of devices based on organic semiconductors, there remains a need for clean, efficient and low-cost dopants if a widespread transition towards larger-area organic electronic devices is to occur. Here we report dimethyl sulfoxide adducts as p-dopants that fulfil these conditions for a range of organic semiconductors. These adduct-based dopants are compatible with both solution and vapour-phase processing. We explore the doping mechanism and use the knowledge we gain to 'decouple' the dopants from the choice of counterion. We demonstrate that asymmetric p-doping is possible using solution processing routes, and demonstrate its use in metal halide perovskite solar cells, organic thin-film transistors and organic light-emitting diodes, which showcases the versatility of this doping approach.
    Citation
    Sakai, N., Warren, R., Zhang, F., Nayak, S., Liu, J., Kesava, S. V., … Snaith, H. J. (2021). Adduct-based p-doping of organic semiconductors. Nature Materials. doi:10.1038/s41563-021-00980-x
    Sponsors
    This research has mainly received funding from the European Commission (PERTPV- agreement no. 763977) and EPSRC (EP/M005143/1 and EP/S004947/1). M.R. has received funding from the EC FP 7 MSCA—Career Integration Grant (630864) and M.R. and S.V.K. acknowledge funding from the EPSRC WAFT project (EP/M015173/1). R.W. is supported by EPSRC CDT Plastic Electronics (EP/L016702/1). P.K.N. acknowledges support from the Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India, under Project Identification no. RTI 4007 and SERB India core research grant (CRG/2020/003877). F.Z., X.L. and A.K. acknowledge funding from National Science Foundation under grants DMR-1506097 and DMR-1807797. S.N. acknowledges Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions individual fellowships (grant agreement no. 659306) and a start-up grant from CSIR-IMMT, India. T.M. and V.G. acknowledge funding from European Regional Development Fund (project no. 01.2.2-LMT-K-718-03-0040) under a grant agreement with the Research Council of Lithuania (LMTLT). T.D.A. and A.B. are grateful to King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Centre and KAUST Office for Sponsored Research (OSR) for the financial support under award no: OSR-2019-CRG8-4095, no. OSR-2018-CARF/CCF-3079. J.L. and C.G. are grateful for support for the NanoSIMS facility from EPSRC under grant EP/M018237/1. We thank I. McPherson for his help in mass spectrometry measurements and M. Heeney for providing the C16IDT-BT polymer.
    Publisher
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Journal
    Nature Materials
    DOI
    10.1038/s41563-021-00980-x
    PubMed ID
    33888905
    Additional Links
    http://www.nature.com/articles/s41563-021-00980-x
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1038/s41563-021-00980-x
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division; Material Science and Engineering Program; KAUST Solar Center (KSC)

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