Mapping subnational HIV mortality in six Latin American countries with incomplete vital registration systems
Type
ArticleAuthors
Cork, Michael A.Henry, Nathaniel J.
Watson, Stefanie
Croneberger, Andrew J.
Baumann, Mathew
Letourneau, Ian D.
Yang, Mingyou
Serfes, Audrey L.
Abbas, Jaffar
Abbasi, Nooshin
Abbastabar, Hedayat
Abreu, Lucas G.
Abu-Gharbieh, Eman
Achappa, Basavaprabhu
Adabi, Maryam
Adal, Tadele G.
Adegbosin, Adeyinka E.
Adekanmbi, Victor
Adetokunboh, Olatunji O.
Agudelo-Botero, Marcela
Ahinkorah, Bright O.
Ahmadi, Keivan
Ahmed, Muktar B.
Alhassan, Robert K.
Alipour, Vahid
Almasi-Hashiani, Amir
Alvis-Guzman, Nelson
Ancuceanu, Robert
Andrei, Tudorel
Anvari, Davood
Aqeel, Muhammad
Arabloo, Jalal
Aremu, Olatunde
Asaad, Malke
Atnafu, Desta D.
Atreya, Alok
Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz
Azari, Samad
B B, Darshan
Baig, Atif A.
Banach, Maciej
Bante, Simachew A.
Barboza, Miguel A.
Basu, Sanjay
Bedi, Neeraj
Bejarano Ramirez, Diana
Bensenor, Isabela M.
Beyene, Fentahun Y.
Bezabih, Yihienew M.
Bhagavathula, Akshaya S.
Bhardwaj, Nikha
Bhardwaj, Pankaj
Bhattacharyya, Krittika
Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.
Bijani, Ali
Birlik, Sait M.
Bitew, Zebenay W.
Bohlouli, Somayeh
Boloor, Archith
Brunoni, Andre R.
Butt, Zahid A.
Cárdenas, Rosario
Carvalho, Felix
Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia, Joao
Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos
Charan, Jaykaran
Chatterjee, Souranshu
Chattu, Vijay Kumar
Chattu, Soosanna Kumary
Ahsanul Kabir Chowdhury, Mohiuddin
Christopher, Devasahayam J.
Chu, Dinh Toi
Cook, Aubrey J.
Cormier, Natalie M.
M A Dahlawi, Saad
Daoud, Farah
A Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio
Weaver, Nicole Davis
P De la Hoz, Fernando
Demeke, Feleke M.
Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar
Deribe, Kebede
Deuba, Keshab
Dharmaratne, Samath D.
Dhungana, Govinda P.
Diaz, Daniel
Djalalinia, Shirin
Duraes, Andre R.
Eagan, Arielle W.
Earl, Lucas
Effiong, Andem
El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa
Tantawi, Maha El
Elayedath, Rajesh
I El-Jaafary, Shaimaa
Jose A Faraon, Emerito
Faro, Andre
Fattahi, Nazir
Fauk, Nelsensius K.
Fernandes, Eduarda
Filip, Irina
Fischer, Florian
Foigt, Nataliya A.
Foroutan, Masoud
Fukumoto, Takeshi
Gad, Mohamed M.
B B Gebremariam, Tesfay
Gebremedhin, Ketema B.
Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak G.
Gesesew, Hailay A.
Ghadiri, Keyghobad
Ghashghaee, Ahmad
Gilani, Syed Amir
Golechha, Mahaveer
Gori, Ugo
Goulart, Alessandra C.
Goulart, Bárbara N.G.
Gugnani, Harish C.
D C Guimaraes, Mark
A Guimarães, Rafael
Guo, Yuming
Gupta, Rahul
Haeuser, Emily
Haider, Mohammad Rifat
Haile, Teklehaimanot G.
Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin
Haj-Mirzaian, Arya
Hanif, Asif
Hargono, Arief
Hariyani, Ninuk
Hassanipour, Soheil
Hassankhani, Hadi
Hayat, Khezar
Herteliu, Claudiu
Ho, Hung Chak
Holla, Ramesh
Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi
Househ, Mowafa
Hwang, Bing Fang
Ibeneme, Charles U.
Ibitoye, Segun E.
Ilesanmi, Olayinka S.
Ilic, Milena D.
Ilic, Irena M.
Iqbal, Usman
Jahagirdar, Deepa
Jain, Vardhmaan
Jakovljevic, Mihajlo
Jha, Ravi P.
Johnson, Kimberly B.
Joseph, Nitin
Joukar, Farahnaz
Kalankesh, Leila R.
Kalhor, Rohollah
Kanchan, Tanuj
Matin, Behzad Karami
Karch, André
Karimi, Salah Eddin
Kassahun, Getinet
Kayode, Gbenga A.
Karyani, Ali Kazemi
Keramati, Maryam
Khalid, Nauman
Khan, Ejaz A.
Khan, Gulfaraz
Nuruzzaman N Khan, Md
Khatab, Khaled
Kianipour, Neda
Kim, Yun Jin
Kisa, Sezer
Kisa, Adnan
Kosen, Soewarta
Lakshmi Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura
Koyanagi, Ai
Krishan, Kewal
Defo, Barthelemy Kuate
Kuchenbecker, Ricardo S.
Kulkarni, Vaman
Kumar, Nithin
Kumar, Manasi
Kurmi, Om P.
Kusuma, Dian
Vecchia, Carlo La
Lal, Dharmesh K.
Landires, Iván
Lasrado, Savita
Lee, Paul H.
LeGrand, Kate E.
Li, Bingyu
Li, Shanshan
Liu, Xuefeng
I M. Amin, Hawraz
Machado, Daiane B.
Madi, Deepak
Magis-Rodriguez, Carlos
Malta, Deborah C.
Mansournia, Mohammad Ali
Manzar, Md Dilshad
A Marrugo Arnedo, Carlos
R Martins-Melo, Francisco
Masoumi, Seyedeh Zahra
Mayala, Benjamin K.
E Medina-Solís, Carlo
Memish, Ziad A.
Mendoza, Walter
Menezes, Ritesh G.
Mestrovic, Tomislav
Mirica, Andreea
Moazen, Babak
Mohammad, Yousef
Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Naser
Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah
Mohammadpourhodki, Reza
Mohammed, Shafiu
Mokdad, Ali H.
Moni, Mohammad Ali
Moradi, Masoud
Moradi, Yousef
Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah
Moraga, Paula

Khaneghah, Amin Mousavi
Mustafa, Ghulam
Mwanri, Lillian
Nagaraja, Ravishankar
Nagarajan, Ahamarshan J.
Naimzada, Mukhammad David
Nascimento, Bruno R.
Naveed, Dr M.
Nayak, Vinod C.
Nazari, Javad
Negash, Hadush
Negoi, Ionut
Nepal, Samata
Nguefack-Tsague, Georges
Nguyen, Cuong T.
L T Nguyen, Huong
Nikbakhsh, Rajan
Noubiap, Jean Jacques
Nunez-Samudio, Virginia
Oancea, Bogdan
Ogbo, Felix A.
Olagunju, Andrew T.
Otstavnov, Nikita
P A, Mahesh
Padubidri, Jagadish Rao
R Pandi-Perumal, Seithikurippu
M Pardo-Montaño, Ana
Patel, Urvish K.
Pawar, Shrikant
Peprah, Emmanuel K.
Pereira, Alexandre
Perkins, Samantha
Pescarini, Julia M.
Pokhrel, Khem N.
Postma, Maarten J.
Pottoo, Faheem H.
Prada, Sergio I.
Preotescu, Liliana
R A Pribadi, Dimas
Radfar, Amir
Rahim, Fakher
Hifz Ur Rahman, Mohammad
Rahmani, Amir Masoud
Ramezanzadeh, Kiana
Rana, Juwel
Ranabhat, Chhabi L.
Rao, Sowmya J.
Rathi, Priya
Rawaf, Salman
Rawaf, David L.
Rawassizadeh, Reza
Renjith, Vishnu
Rezaei, Nima
Rezapour, Aziz
Ribeiro, Ana Isabel
Roever, Leonardo
Rubagotti, Enrico
Rumisha, Susan F.
Rwegerera, Godfrey M.
Sagar, Rajesh
Sajadi, S. Mohammad
Salem, Marwa R.
Samy, Abdallah M.
Sarmiento-Suárez, Rodrigo
Sathian, Brijesh
Schaeffer, Lauren E.
J C Schneider, Ione
Seidu, Abdul Aziz
Sha, Feng
Shaikh, Masood A.
Sharafi, Kiomars
Sheikh, Aziz
Shibuya, Kenji
Shin, Jae Il
A S Silva, Diego
Singh, Jasvinder A.
Skryabin, Valentin Y.
Skryabina, Anna A.
Sligar, Amber
Soheili, Amin
Steuben, Krista M.
Sufiyan, Mu’awiyyah B.
Tadesse, Eyayou G.
K T Tesema, Ayenew
Tesfay, Fisaha H.
Thapar, Rekha
Thompson, Robert L.
Tovani-Palone, Marcos
Tran, Bach X.
Tsegaye, Gebiyaw W.
Umeokonkwo, Chukwuma D.
Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran
Vasseghian, Yasser
Violante, Francesco S.
Vo, Bay
Vu, Giang T.
Waheed, Yasir
Wang, Yuan Pang
Wang, Yanzhong
Ward, Paul
Welay, Fissaha T.
Westerman, Ronny
Wickramasinghe, Nuwan D.
Yaya, Sanni
Yip, Paul
Yonemoto, Naohiro
Yu, Chuanhua
Yuce, Deniz
Yusefzadeh, Hasan
Zamanian, Maryam
Zastrozhin, Mikhail S.
Zhang, Zhi Jiang
Zhang, Yunquan
Ziapour, Arash
Hay, Simon I.
Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura
KAUST Department
Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi ArabiaDate
2021-01-08Submitted Date
2020-08-31Permanent link to this record
http://hdl.handle.net/10754/668203
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Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a public health priority in Latin America. While the burden of HIV is historically concentrated in urban areas and high-risk groups, subnational estimates that cover multiple countries and years are missing. This paucity is partially due to incomplete vital registration (VR) systems and statistical challenges related to estimating mortality rates in areas with low numbers of HIV deaths. In this analysis, we address this gap and provide novel estimates of the HIV mortality rate and the number of HIV deaths by age group, sex, and municipality in Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, and Mexico. Methods: We performed an ecological study using VR data ranging from 2000 to 2017, dependent on individual country data availability. We modeled HIV mortality using a Bayesian spatially explicit mixed-effects regression model that incorporates prior information on VR completeness. We calibrated our results to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Results: All countries displayed over a 40-fold difference in HIV mortality between municipalities with the highest and lowest age-standardized HIV mortality rate in the last year of study for men, and over a 20-fold difference for women. Despite decreases in national HIV mortality in all countries—apart from Ecuador—across the period of study, we found broad variation in relative changes in HIV mortality at the municipality level and increasing relative inequality over time in all countries. In all six countries included in this analysis, 50% or more HIV deaths were concentrated in fewer than 10% of municipalities in the latest year of study. In addition, national age patterns reflected shifts in mortality to older age groups—the median age group among decedents ranged from 30 to 45 years of age at the municipality level in Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico in 2017. Conclusions: Our subnational estimates of HIV mortality revealed significant spatial variation and diverging local trends in HIV mortality over time and by age. This analysis provides a framework for incorporating data and uncertainty from incomplete VR systems and can help guide more geographically precise public health intervention to support HIV-related care and reduce HIV-related deaths.Citation
(2021). Mapping subnational HIV mortality in six Latin American countries with incomplete vital registration systems. BMC Medicine, 19(1). doi:10.1186/s12916-020-01876-4Publisher
Springer NatureJournal
BMC Medicineae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1186/s12916-020-01876-4
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V.S.; Muthupandian, Saravanan; Naderi, Mehdi; Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman; Naghavi, Mohsen; Nangia, Vinay; Nansseu, Jobert Richie; Nayak, Vinod C.; Nazari, Javad; Ndwandwe, Duduzile Edith; Negoi, Ionut; Ngunjiri, Josephine W.; Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi; Nguyen, Chuc T.K.; Nguyen, Trang Huyen; Nigatu, Yeshambel T.; Nikbakhsh, Rajan; Nikfar, Shekoufeh; Nikpoor, Amin Reza; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini; Nnaji, Chukwudi A.; Oh, In Hwan; Oladnabi, Morteza; Olagunju, Andrew T.; Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun; Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola; Bali, Ahmed Omar; Omer, Muktar Omer; Onwujekwe, Obinna E.; Osgood-Zimmerman, Aaron E.; Owolabi, Mayowa O.; Mahesh, P. A.; Padubidri, Jagadish Rao; Pakshir, Keyvan; Pana, Adrian; Pandey, Anamika; Pando-Robles, Victoria; Pashaei, Tahereh; Pasupula, Deepak Kumar; Paternina-Caicedo, Angel J.; Patton, George C.; Pazoki Toroudi, Hamidreza; Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino; Pescarini, Julia Moreira; Pigott, David M.; Pilgrim, Thomas; Pirsaheb, Meghdad; Poljak, Mario; Postma, Maarten J.; Pourjafar, Hadi; Pourmalek, Farshad; Pourmirza Kalhori, Reza; Prada, Sergio I.; Prakash, Sanjay; Quazi Syed, Zahiruddin; Quintana, Hedley; Rabiee, Navid; Rabiee, Mohammad; Radfar, Amir; Rafiei, Alireza; Rahim, Fakher; Rajati, Fatemeh; Rameto, Muhammed Ahmed; Ramezanzadeh, Kiana; Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal; Rao, Sowmya J.; Rasella, Davide; Rastogi, Prateek; Rathi, Priya; Rawaf, Salman; Rawaf, David Laith; Rawal, Lal; Rawassizadeh, Reza; Rawat, Ramu; Renjith, Vishnu; Renzaho, Andre M.N.; Reshmi, Bhageerathy; Reta, Melese Abate; Rezaei, Nima; Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh; Rezapour, Aziz; Riahi, Seyed Mohammad; Ribeiro, Ana Isabel; Rickard, Jennifer; Rios-Blancas, Maria; Rios-González, Carlos Miguel; Roever, Leonardo; Rostamian, Morteza; Rubino, Salvatore; Rwegerera, Godfrey M.; Saad, Anas M.; Saadatagah, Seyedmohammad; Sabour, Siamak; Sadeghi, Ehsan; Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi; Saeidi, Shahram; Sagar, Rajesh; Sahebkar, Amirhossein; Sahraian, Mohammad Ali; Sajadi, S. 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(Nature, Springer Nature, 2020-12-16) [Article]The safe, highly effective measles vaccine has been recommended globally since 1974, yet in 2017 there were more than 17 million cases of measles and 83,400 deaths in children under 5 years old, and more than 99% of both occurred in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)1–4. Globally comparable, annual, local estimates of routine first-dose measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) coverage are critical for understanding geographically precise immunity patterns, progress towards the targets of the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP), and high-risk areas amid disruptions to vaccination programmes caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)5–8. Here we generated annual estimates of routine childhood MCV1 coverage at 5 × 5-km2 pixel and second administrative levels from 2000 to 2019 in 101 LMICs, quantified geographical inequality and assessed vaccination status by geographical remoteness. After widespread MCV1 gains from 2000 to 2010, coverage regressed in more than half of the districts between 2010 and 2019, leaving many LMICs far from the GVAP goal of 80% coverage in all districts by 2019. MCV1 coverage was lower in rural than in urban locations, although a larger proportion of unvaccinated children overall lived in urban locations; strategies to provide essential vaccination services should address both geographical contexts. These results provide a tool for decision-makers to strengthen routine MCV1 immunization programmes and provide equitable disease protection for all children.
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Reconstruction of centennial-scale fluxes of chemical elements in the Australian coastal environment using seagrass archivesSerrano, Oscar; Davis, Grace; Lavery, Paul S.; Duarte, Carlos M.; Martinez-Cortizas, Antonio; Mateo, Miguel Angel; Masqué, Pere; Arias-Ortiz, Ariane; Rozaimi, Mohammad; Kendrick, Gary A. (Science of The Total Environment, Elsevier BV, 2015-10-02) [Article]The study of a Posidonia australis sedimentary archive has provided a record of changes in element concentrations (Al, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cd, Co, As, Cu, Ni and S) over the last 3000 years in the Australian marine environment. Human-derived contamination in Oyster Harbor (SW Australia) started ~. 100 years ago (AD ~. 1900) and exponentially increased until present. This appears to be related to European colonization of Australia and the subsequent impact of human activities, namely mining, coal and metal production, and extensive agriculture. Two contamination periods of different magnitude have been identified: Expansion period (EXP, AD ~. 1900-1970) and Establishment period (EST, AD ~. 1970 to present). Enrichments of chemical elements with respect to baseline concentrations (in samples older than ~. 115 cal. years BP) were found for all elements studied in both periods, except for Ni, As and S. The highest enrichment factors were obtained for the EST period (ranging from 1.3-fold increase in Cu to 7.2-fold in Zn concentrations) compared to the EXP period (1.1-fold increase for Cu and Cr to 2.4-fold increase for Pb). Zinc, Pb, Mn and Co concentrations during both periods were 2- to 7-fold higher than baseline levels. This study demonstrates the value of Posidonia mats as long-term archives of element concentrations and trends in coastal ecosystems. We also provide preliminary evidence on the potential for Posidonia meadows to act as significant long-term biogeochemical sinks of chemical elements.
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Anthropogenic-induced acceleration of elemental burial rates in blue carbon repositories of the Arabian GulfRabaoui, Lotfi; Cusack, Michael; Saderne, Vincent; Krishnakumar, Periyadan K.; Lin, Yu Jia; Shemsi, Ahsan M.; Masqué, Pere; Arias-Ortiz, Ariane; Masqué, Pere; Duarte, Carlos M.; Qurban, Mohammad A. (Science of the Total Environment, Elsevier BV, 2019-11-21) [Article]Since the discovery of oil in early 1900, the Arabian Gulf has experienced a continuous and fast coastal development leading to increase the human pressures on the marine environment and its enrichment with various pollutants. The present study attempts to describe the historical changes of trace elements in the sediments of vegetated coastal habitats in the western Arabian Gulf. 210Pb–dated sediment cores collected from seagrass, mangrove and saltmarsh habitats were analyzed to evaluate historical variations in concentrations and burial rates of 20 trace elements (Al, As, Ba, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sr, V and Zn). The highest correlations (Spearman correlation coefficients ≥0.51) were found between crustal elements (Al, Fe, Co, Cr, K, Na, Mg, Mn, Ni, V, and P), suggesting a common crustal source in the Gulf. The increased concentrations of these crustal elements in modern marine sediments of the Arabian Gulf seem to be linked to increased mineral dust deposition in the area. Over the last century, both elemental concentrations and burial rates increased by factors of 1–9 and 1–15, respectively, with a remarkably fast increase occurring in the past six decades (~1960 – early 2000). The considerable enrichment of trace elements in the Arabian Gulf during the last decades is most likely due to an increase in anthropogenic pressures, including industrial, urban and agricultural development. Our study demonstrates that sediments in vegetated coastal habitats provide long-term archives of trace elements concentrations and burial rates reflecting human activities in the Arabian Gulf.