Controlling Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) by Coagulation-Flocculation-Sedimentation using liquid ferrate and clay
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Embargo End Date:
2023-01-01
Type
ArticleKAUST Department
Environmental Science and Engineering ProgramBiological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
Water Desalination and Reuse Research Center (WDRC)
Date
2021-01Embargo End Date
2023-01-01Submitted Date
2020-10-15Permanent link to this record
http://hdl.handle.net/10754/667077
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Harmful algal blooms (HABs) occur worldwide and threaten the quality of marine life, public health, and membrane facilities in Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) desalination plants. The effects of HABs on seawater desalination plants include extensive membrane fouling, increased coagulant consumption and plant shutdown. To determine how to mitigate such effects, this study assessed if low doses (0.01mg/L, 0.10 mg/L, and 1.00 mg/L) of liquid ferrate (58% yield) and kaolin or montmorillonite clays alone could remove algal organic matter in coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation (CFS) pretreatment desalination systems. Results showed that 0.01mg/L of liquid ferrate coagulant removed 42% of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), 52% of biopolymers (BP), 71% of algal cells, and 99.5% of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). At a dose of 0.01mg/L, clays exhibited high removal of turbidity (up to 88%), BP (up to 80%) and algal cells (up to 67%). The combination of liquid ferrate (58% yield) as a coagulant with kaolin or montmorillonite clays as coagulant aids in CFS pretreatment led to 72% removal of DOC, 86% of BP, and 84% of algal cells with a fixed dose of 0.01 mg/L for each. Findings from this study can help SWRO plants improve the performance of pretreatment systems during algal bloom events by reducing the consumption of coagulants while also maintaining high removal efficiencies.Citation
Alshahri, A. H., Fortunato, L., Ghaffour, N., & Leiknes, T. (2021). Controlling Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) by Coagulation-Flocculation-Sedimentation using liquid ferrate and clay. Chemosphere, 129676. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129676Sponsors
The research reported in this paper was supported by funding from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). The authors acknowledge help, assistance and support from the Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC) staff.Publisher
Elsevier BVJournal
ChemosphereAdditional Links
https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0045653521001454ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129676