Efficiency and selectivity of ionic liquids in microwave-assisted extraction of major lichen phenolic compounds: a scalable process with recycling of ionic liquids.
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ArticleKAUST Department
KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi ArabiaDate
2020-11-04Online Publication Date
2020-11-04Print Publication Date
2021-07Embargo End Date
2021-11-05Submitted Date
2020-07-03Permanent link to this record
http://hdl.handle.net/10754/665865
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INTRODUCTION:Pseudevernia furfuracea, a lichen used classically for cosmetic applications, contains interesting metabolites possessing antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory or antioxidant properties. OBJECTIVES:Ionic liquid combined to microwave-assisted extraction (IL-MAE) was successfully applied for metabolites extraction from Pseudevernia furfuracea. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Three imidazolium and pyridinium-based ionic liquids (ILs): 1,3-dimethylimidazolium methylsulphate [C1 C1 Im][MeSO4 ], 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulphate [C2 C1 Im][EtSO4 ], and N-ethylpyridinium ethylsulphate [C2 Py][EtSO4 ] were assessed for this process. The efficiency of the extraction method was evaluated using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) coupled to a Camag® spectrophotodensitometer and using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. RESULTS:ILs under MAE showed extraction time efficiency (15 min vs. 24 h for conventional heating) and high selectivity in extracting the targeted metabolites: atranorin (AT), methyl-β-orcinol carboxylate (MOC), fumarprotocetraric acid (Fum. Ac.), and physodic acid (Phys. Ac.) despite the increased degradation of AT under MAE. We showed a tunable selectivity of ILs towards extracting metabolites by changing anion or cation due to the modification of the interaction between the IL and the metabolites. While [C2 Py][EtSO4 ] was the most efficient IL and could extract all the targeted metabolites, [C2 C1 Im][EtSO4 ] was the most selective. It fully extracted AT and partially Fum. Ac. Moreover, the lichen prepared by mixing procedure provided AT and Fum. Ac. more than the milled one. A 100 times scale-up extraction was successfully performed on mixed samples with full IL recycling after back extraction. CONCLUSION:IL-MAE is reliable for lichen metabolites extraction. The method is reproducible, scalable, with possible IL recycling, opening the door for potential industrial applications.Citation
Komaty, S., Sauvager, A., Bazureau, J., Tomasi, S., & Paquin, L. (2020). Efficiency and selectivity of ionic liquids in microwave-assisted extraction of major lichen phenolic compounds: a scalable process with recycling of ionic liquids. Phytochemical Analysis. doi:10.1002/pca.3008Sponsors
This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.Special thanks to J. M Bessiere, PNSM, Montpellier for providing thelichen specimen.
Publisher
WileyJournal
Phytochemical AnalysisDOI
10.1002/pca.3008PubMed ID
33150689Additional Links
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pca.3008ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1002/pca.3008
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