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    NO and OH* emission characteristics of very-lean to stoichiometric ammonia–hydrogen–air swirl flames

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    Name:
    Zhu et al,ProCI, 2020_NO and OH emission.pdf
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    5.715Mb
    Format:
    PDF
    Description:
    Accepted manuscript
    Embargo End Date:
    2022-09-09
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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Zhu, Xuren cc
    Khateeb, Abdulrahman A.
    Guiberti, Thibault
    Roberts, William L. cc
    KAUST Department
    Clean Combustion Research Center
    Mechanical Engineering Program
    Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division
    high-pressure combustion (HPC) Research Group
    Date
    2020-09-09
    Online Publication Date
    2020-09-09
    Print Publication Date
    2020-09
    Embargo End Date
    2022-09-09
    Submitted Date
    2019-11-06
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/665068
    
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    Abstract
    One of the main concerns regarding ammonia combustion is its tendency to yield high nitric oxide (NO) emissions. Burning ammonia under slightly rich conditions reduces the NO mole fraction to a low level, but the penalties are poor combustion efficiency and unburnt ammonia. As an alternative solution, this paper reports the experimental investigation of premixed swirl flames fueled with ammonia-hydrogen mixtures under very-lean to stoichiometric conditions. A gas analyzer was used to measure the NO mole fraction in the flame and post flame regions, and it was found that low NO emissions (as low as 100 ppm) in the exhaust were achieved under very lean conditions (ϕ ≈ 0.40). Low NO emission was also possible at higher equivalence ratios, e.g. ϕ = 0.65, for very large ammonia fuel fractions (XNH3 > 0.90). 1-D flame simulations were performed to elaborate on experimental findings and clarify the observations of the chemical kinetics. In addition, images of OH* chemiluminescence intensity were captured to identify the flame structure. It was found that, for some conditions, the OH* chemiluminescence intensity can be used as a proxy for the NO mole fraction. A monotonic relationship was discovered between OH* chemiluminescence intensities and NO mole fraction for a wide range of ammonia-hydrogen blends (0.40 < ϕ < 0.90 and 0.25 < XNH3 < 0.90), making it possible to use the low-cost OH* chemiluminescence technique to qualify NO emission of flames fueled with hydrogen-enriched ammonia blends.
    Citation
    Zhu, X., Khateeb, A. A., Guiberti, T. F., & Roberts, W. L. (2020). NO and OH* emission characteristics of very-lean to stoichiometric ammonia–hydrogen–air swirl flames. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute. doi:10.1016/j.proci.2020.06.275
    Sponsors
    Research reported in this paper was supported by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). Our thanks to Dr. Y. Li for his assistance with 1-D laminar flame computations.
    Publisher
    Elsevier BV
    Journal
    Proceedings of the Combustion Institute
    DOI
    10.1016/j.proci.2020.06.275
    Additional Links
    https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1540748920303679
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.proci.2020.06.275
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division; Mechanical Engineering Program; Clean Combustion Research Center

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