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    Multi-effect distillation brine treatment by membrane distillation: Effect of antiscalant and antifoaming agents on membrane performance and scaling control

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Elcik, Harun
    Fortunato, Luca cc
    Alpatova, Alla
    Soukane, Sofiane
    Orfi, Jamel
    Ali, Emad
    AlAnsary, Hany
    Leiknes, TorOve cc
    Ghaffour, NorEddine cc
    KAUST Department
    Water Desalination and Reuse Research Center (WDRC)
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Environmental Science and Engineering Program
    KAUST Grant Number
    REP/1/3805-01-01
    Date
    2020-08-13
    Online Publication Date
    2020-08-13
    Print Publication Date
    2020-11
    Embargo End Date
    2022-08-12
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/664574
    
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    Abstract
    One of the main advantages of the membrane distillation (MD) process is its ability to treat highly saline feed waters such as thermal desalination brines at moderate temperatures. However, scaling remains one of the major obstacles, causing a significant flux decline and membrane pore wetting. Furthermore, antiscalant and antifoaming agents are commonly utilized in conventional thermal desalination to prevent scale formation, and their effects on MD operation are not yet well understood. This study explores a multi-effect distillation (MED) brine as a potential feed source for MD system with respect to process performance and membrane scaling. The influence of chemicals present in MED brine as well as feed temperature on the scaling process is addressed in terms of vapor flux and salt crystals formation. The scale formation was monitored with the non-invasive optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging, and results were validated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Additionally, the elemental composition of the scale was determined and its effect on membrane contact angle was evaluated. We found that depending on its concentration, the antiscalant prolonged the induction time of salt crystallization whereas antifoaming showed the opposite effect. Scaling mostly occurred due to calcium sulfate crystals formation with the large size needle-shaped crystals favored at higher feed temperature. However, no pore wetting was observed including locations where crystal deposition occurred. Results show that thermal desalination brine, which is already preheated and chemically pretreated, could be an appropriate feed source for MD to further increase the overall water recovery and reduce the marine environmental impact by reducing the brine discharge volume and its temperature.
    Citation
    Elcik, H., Fortunato, L., Alpatova, A., Soukane, S., Orfi, J., Ali, E., … Ghaffour, N. (2020). Multi-effect distillation brine treatment by membrane distillation: Effect of antiscalant and antifoaming agents on membrane performance and scaling control. Desalination, 493, 114653. doi:10.1016/j.desal.2020.114653
    Sponsors
    The research reported in this paper was supported by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Saudi Arabia, through the KAUST-KSU (King Saud University) initiative, Grant # REP/1/3805-01-01 (KAUST) and RG-1440-103 (KSU). The authors acknowledge help, assistance and support from the Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC) and KAUST staff.
    Publisher
    Elsevier BV
    Journal
    Desalination
    DOI
    10.1016/j.desal.2020.114653
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.desal.2020.114653
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division; Environmental Science and Engineering Program; Water Desalination and Reuse Research Center (WDRC)

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