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    Capturing a Mode of Intermediate Water Formation in the Red Sea

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    2019JC015803.pdf
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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Asfahani, Khaled cc
    Krokos, Georgios cc
    Papadopoulos, Vassilis P. cc
    Jones, Burton cc
    Sofianos, Sarantis
    Kheireddine, Malika cc
    Hoteit, Ibrahim cc
    KAUST Department
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Earth Fluid Modeling and Prediction Group
    Earth Science and Engineering Program
    Marine Science Program
    Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division
    Red Sea Research Center (RSRC)
    KAUST Grant Number
    URF/1/2979-01-01
    Date
    2020-04-13
    Online Publication Date
    2020-04-13
    Print Publication Date
    2020-04
    Submitted Date
    2019-10-23
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/662440
    
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    Abstract
    Formation of intermediate waters in the northern Red Sea was captured by Seagliders during the winter of 2016. The analysis is based on measurements collected by consequent deployments of Seaglider AUVs along a 70 km transect, which was run repeatedly from the coast to mid-basin during the period from October 2015 to May 2016. The observations revealed typical open ocean convection processes including a preconditioning phase followed by deep convection and spreading of the newly formed waters through lateral exchange. Winter conditions were characterized by surface cooling and enhanced evaporation, which were observed from late October until late February. During this period, the gradual surface cooling and salinity increase resulted in the weakening of the surface stratification. Recurrent cyclonic gyres forced by strong atmospheric events led to episodic convection and the formation of intermediate sea water typical of the upper overturning circulation cell of the Red Sea. Following deep mixing, a remarkable bloom of chlorophyll was detected at the top layer of the water column in response to the nutrients delivery from the deeper layers. The end of winter was marked by the intrusion of lower salinity water presumably advected from the south and the reestablishment of the general cyclonic circulation, typical for the northernmost part of the Red Sea. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first observation study of such convection events in the northern Red Sea.
    Citation
    Asfahani, K., Krokos, G., Papadopoulos, V. P., Jones, B. H., Sofianos, S., Kheireddine, M., & Hoteit, I. (2020). Capturing a Mode of Intermediate Water Formation in the Red Sea. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, e2019JC015803. doi:10.1029/2019jc015803
    Sponsors
    This work was funded by the Saudi ARAMCO-KAUST Marine Environmental Observatory (SAKMEO) and the KAUST Office of Sponsored Research (OSR) under the Collaborative Research Grant (CRG) program (Grant # URF/1/2979-01-01). The authors would like to thank Dr. Hari Dasari for providing the atmospheric forcing, and Dr. Nikolaos Zarokanellos and Michel Campbell for valuable advices on various technical issues with the gliders. The authors are also grateful for the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Our Ocean group for providing the G1SST dataset.
    Publisher
    American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Journal
    Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
    DOI
    10.1029/2019jc015803
    Additional Links
    http://doi.wiley.com/10.1029/2019JC015803
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1029/2019jc015803
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division; Red Sea Research Center (RSRC); Marine Science Program; Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division; Earth Science and Engineering Program

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