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    A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity--Connecting the Base of the Pyramid: A Survey on Rural Connectivity

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    TechRxiv Preprint.pdf
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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Yaacoub, Elias cc
    Alouini, Mohamed-Slim cc
    KAUST Department
    Communication Theory Lab
    Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division
    Electrical Engineering Program
    Date
    2020
    Online Publication Date
    2020-03-19
    Print Publication Date
    2020-04
    Submitted Date
    2019-06-30
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/662259
    
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    Abstract
    Providing connectivity to around half of the world population living in rural or underprivileged areas is a tremendous challenge, but, at the same time, a unique opportunity. Access to the Internet would provide the population living in these areas a possibility to progress on the educational, health, environment, and business levels. In this article, a survey of technologies for providing connectivity to rural areas, which can help address this challenge, is provided. Although access/fronthaul and backhaul techniques are discussed in this article, it is noted that the major limitation for providing connectivity to rural and underprivileged areas is the cost of backhaul deployment. In addition, energy requirements and cost-efficiency of the studied technologies are analyzed. In fact, the challenges faced for deploying an electricity network, as a prerequisite for deploying communication networks, are huge in these areas, and they are granted an important share of the discussions in this article. Furthermore, typical application scenarios in rural areas are discussed, and several country-specific use cases are surveyed. The main initiatives by key international players aiming to provide rural connectivity are also described. Moreover, directions for the future evolution of rural connectivity are outlined in this article. Although there is no single solution that can solve all rural connectivity problems, building gradually on the current achievements in order to reach ubiquitous connectivity, while taking into account the particularities of each region and tailoring the solution accordingly, seems to be the most suitable path to follow.
    Citation
    Yaacoub, E., & Alouini, M.-S. (2020). A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity--Connecting the Base of the Pyramid: A Survey on Rural Connectivity. Proceedings of the IEEE, 1–50. doi:10.1109/jproc.2020.2976703
    Publisher
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Journal
    Proceedings of the IEEE
    DOI
    10.1109/JPROC.2020.2976703
    10.36227/techrxiv.11828808
    10.36227/techrxiv.11828808.v1
    arXiv
    1906.11541
    Additional Links
    https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9042251/
    https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=9042251
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1109/JPROC.2020.2976703
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Electrical and Computer Engineering Program; Communication Theory Lab; Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering (CEMSE) Division

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