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    High Resolution Climate Simulations over Africa: Past, Present, and Future

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    Name:
    Jerry Raj- Dissertation.pdf
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    58.38Mb
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    Type
    Dissertation
    Authors
    Raj, Jerry cc
    Advisors
    Stenchikov, Georgiy L. cc
    Committee members
    Sun, Shuyu
    Nigam, Sumant
    McCabe, Matthew cc
    Program
    Earth Science and Engineering
    KAUST Department
    Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division
    Date
    2019-10
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/660152
    
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    Abstract
    The horizontal resolution is a prominent constraint on the accuracy of simulating synoptic and sub-synoptic scale rainfall. High resolution General Circulation Models are signi cantly better than Regional Climate Models and conventional coarse resolution General Circulation Models in their representation of atmospheric circulation and precipitation. In this study two monsoon systems over Africa, the features associated with them, and their future are examined using a high resolution Atmospheric General Circulation Model, HiRAM. HiRAM, which is developed at Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, employs a cubed-sphere nite volume dynamical core and uses shallow convective scheme for moist convection and stratiform cloudiness instead of a deep convective parameterization. Future projections are conducted using the representative concentration pathway, RCP 8.5 from 2076 to 2099 at C360 ( 25 km)resolution. The study explores three important climate features of the region: West African Monsoon, Southern African Monsoon, and African Easterly Waves. These climate systems particularly bene t from high resolution simulations since they involve several multiscale processes and are in uenced by coastlines and complex topography. The study shows that, in the RCP 8.5 scenario, elevated areas of Sahel and western Sahara experience robust warming of >4K by the end of the 21st century. Precipitation increases over the equatorial Atlantic and the Guinean coast, while the southern Sahel appears drier. The wave activity of the region also shows a signi cant increase. The examination of the future projections of southern Africa reveals increased precipitation over central Africa and contrasting anomalies over northern Madagascar while Kalahari desert experience signi cant warming. The rainfall change in a global warming scenario is not unidirectional, unlike the temperature which increases almost everywhere and this emphasizes the need for more projection studies.
    Citation
    Raj, J. (2019). High Resolution Climate Simulations over Africa: Past, Present, and Future. KAUST Research Repository. https://doi.org/10.25781/KAUST-445DB
    DOI
    10.25781/KAUST-445DB
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.25781/KAUST-445DB
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Dissertations; Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division; Earth Science and Engineering Program

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