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    Nonwoven Membrane Supports from Renewable Resources: Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Poly(Lactic Acid) Composites

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Le Phuong, Hai Anh
    Izzati Ayob, Nor Amira
    Blanford, Christopher F.
    Mohammad Rawi, Nurul Fazita
    Szekely, Gyorgy cc
    KAUST Department
    Advanced Membranes & Porous Materials Center
    Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Research Center
    Chemical Engineering Program
    Chemical and Biological Engineering
    Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division
    Date
    2019-06-11
    Online Publication Date
    2019-06-11
    Print Publication Date
    2019-07
    Embargo End Date
    2020-01-01
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/656242
    
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    Abstract
    Membrane separation has been widely recognized as an energy-efficient technology with a rapidly growing market. However, such growth raises concerns about sustainability due to current fabrication methods that employ toxic solvents and nondegradable petroleum-based polymers. The focus of tackling these challenges has been on the active layer of membranes via renewable materials, while the equally important membrane supports are yet to turn green. Herein we report the fabrication of sustainable, biodegradable, nonwoven composite membrane supports made from three renewable materials: bamboo fiber, poly(lactic acid) (PLA), and dimethyl carbonate. The biobased membrane supports exhibited a porous structure (porosity of 0.719 ± 0.132) with tensile strengths (32.7-73.3 MPa) comparable to conventional materials, such as polypropylene. The microstructure and porosity of the supports were revealed by laser scanning confocal microscopy. The increase in bamboo content resulted in increased mechanical stability, decreased swelling, and enhanced permeance, up to 1068 ± 32 L m-2 h-1 bar-1 in water. The long-term chemical stability of membrane supports was verified in 19 of the 25 organic solvents screened. In particular, they were found to be stable in some conventional and emerging green polar aprotic solvents including Cyrene, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, ?-valerolactone, and propylene carbonate. Stable cross-flow filtration performance over 2 weeks was successfully demonstrated. The results demonstrated that the bamboo/PLA membrane supports could provide a sustainable alternative for conventional membrane backing materials by eliminating the need for petroleum-based nondegradable polymers and toxic solvents.
    Citation
    Le Phuong, H. A., Izzati Ayob, N. A., Blanford, C. F., Mohammad Rawi, N. F., & Szekely, G. (2019). Nonwoven Membrane Supports from Renewable Resources: Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Poly(Lactic Acid) Composites. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 7(13), 11885–11893. doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b02516
    Sponsors
    The authors thank the experimental support provided by Dr. Ben Spencer (white light interferometer) and Mr. Abdulaziz Alammar (TGA) both from the University of Manchester, and Dr. Wei Xu and Dr. Sang-Hee Park (confocal microscopy) from the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). Fruitful discussions with Mr. Levente Cseri from the University of Manchester is greatly acknowledged. The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. Azniwati Abdul Aziz for her advice on the preparation method of bamboo/PLA composites. HALP acknowledges the UK’s Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) for funding her doctoral studies through the University of Manchester’s doctoral training account administered by their School of Materials. Figure 1 and the graphical abstract were created by Heno Hwang, scientific illustrator at KAUST.
    Publisher
    American Chemical Society
    Journal
    ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering
    DOI
    10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b02516
    Additional Links
    http://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b02516
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b02516
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Research Center; Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division; Chemical Engineering Program

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