Synthesis a new Membrane from the Nano-Cellulose Membrane and Nano-Ceramic Membrane in Bioreactor System into the Microbial Fuel Cell for Sewage Treatment by Algae

Abstract

The problems of water shortage in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) regions are well documented. The population, having more than doubled in the past 30 years to about 280 million, could double again in the next 30 years. As the population has grown against a background of finite freshwater resources, so the water available to individuals has fallen dramatically. A complete study examining the influence of through biological system will be used. Biological systems with algae within the microbial cell will be used in sewage purification in a sustainable and environmentally friendly manner. Biological wastewater treatment harnesses the action of bacteria and other microorganisms to clean water. It is used worldwide because it’s effective and more economical than many mechanical or chemical processes. We will use algae biomass to treat water from biological contaminants. To remove phosphorus, nitrogen, and ammonia. We will use a nano-cellulose membrane and nano ceramic membrane to make them as one membrane to filter water from chemical contaminants such as heavy metals and other contaminants. We will use algae biomass to treat water from biological contaminants. To remove phosphorus, nitrogen, and ammonia. We will use a nano-cellulose membrane and nano ceramic membrane to make them as one membrane to filter water from chemical contaminants such as heavy metals and other contaminants. Cellulose nanomaterials membrane remediation and membranes for water filtration, including their high surface area-to-volume ratio, low environmental impact, high strength, functional ability, and sustainability Ceramic nanomaterials membranes with many advantages, such as superior mechanical strength, higher chemical stability, and better acid and alkali resistant ability, have a promising prospect in water treatment fields. Hence, it is highly expected that ceramic MBR would be more sustainable for e-MBR assemble and application They will be used to synthesize a new membrane with better features and faster filtration and resistance Algae can be used in wastewater treatment for a range of purposes, including: 1. Reduction of BOD. 2. Removal of N and/or P. 3. Inhibition of coliforms. 4. Removal of heavy metals. This algae biomass could be used for: 1.methane production. 2.composting. 3.production of liquid fuels (pseudo-vegetable fuels). 4. as animal feed or in aquaculture. 5. production of fine chemicals. Heavy metal ions could be eliminated by several techniques as follows: • Chemical precipitation. • Reverse osmosis. • Electrochemical treatment techniques. • Ion exchange. • Membrane filtration. • Adsorption due to its low cost-effective, high efficiency, and simple to operate for removing trace levels of heavy metal ions. • Adsorption technology is regarded as the most promising one to remove heavy metal ions from effluents among these techniques mentioned above.

Several types of materials to adsorb metal ions from aqueous solutions, such as activated: • Carbons. • Clay minerals. • Chelating materials. • Chitosan/natural zeolites. Ceramic Nanomaterials Membrane. Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) Cellulose Nanomaterials Membrane