RSS 1.0KAUST Research Conference 2019 – Nano-Enabled Water Technologies: Opportunities and Challenges
Recent Submissions
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Oil-Water Separation using Membranes Manufactured from Cellulose/Ionic Liquid Solutions(2019-01-27) [Poster]
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Water Remediation from Heavy Metal Ions by non modified and ZnCl2 modified coffee husk: Batch and Fixed- Bed Column Study(2019-01-27) [Poster]Water Remediation from Heavy Metal Ions by non modified and ZnCl2 modified coffee husk: Batch and Fixed- Bed Column Study Chromium is considered a key strategic metal having wide ranging applications in various industries 1. The carcinogenic properties of chromium associated with itsoxidation states, and its immense consumption has been a focus of research 2. Cr(III) is considered as an essential trace mineral, plays a key role in mammalian metabolism and reduction of blood glucose levels 1. Cr(III) is also a stable oxidation state of chromium, whereas Cr(VI) is a strong oxidizing agent and its exposure causes health hazards 1, 2. Although disagreements exist about its permissible range in drinking water, however according to US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and World Health Organization (WHO), the permissible range equals 0.05μg mL−1 and 0.1μg mL− 1, respectively 3. In recent years, several strategies involving the use of low cost solid phase extractor essential to addresses such problems .The performance of coffee husk for lead removal was studied in a previous study 4 Thus, the current study will be discussing the retention of Cr(VI) by the modified CH. Thus, the current demonstration focuses on: i) developing a simple, rapid, highly selective, and eco friendly SPE such as modified CH for preconcentration of trace and ultra trace concentrations of Cr(VI) in water samples; ii) assigning the crucial role and mechanism of the retention of Cr(VI) and finally iii) developing CH packed column for complete retention of Cr(VI). References
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Zinc oxide nanoparticles physically treated polyurethane foam sorbent for sorption of trace levels of phosphate in water(2019-01-27) [Poster]ABSTRACT The present study reports the use of nanisized zinc oxide nanoparticle(ZnO NPs) treated polyurethane foams (PUFs) solid sorbent for removal of phosphate ions from environmental water samples. The effect of various parameters that control the effect of phosphate ions uptake by the used solid sorbent such as shaking time, pH, molybdate concentrations, polarity of the extraction media was critically investigated. The kinetics of phosphate uptake fitted well with pseudo second order kinetics. The sorption data were also subjected to Freundlich and Langmuir sorption models. A Proposed dual sorption mechanism involving solvent extraction via an anion ion exchange and an added Component of adsorption is suggested. The sorbent was packed effectived in packed column for complete retention and recovery from water. Introduction Phosphate species are important class of chemicals and serves as essential nutrients for the health and hygiene of living organisms. However, its excessive supply to waters via human activities together with nitrogen compounds e.g. NO3 and/ or NO2-, contributes to the eutrophication in the aquatic environment resulting in the production of algal blooms 1, 2. In response to such major environmental problem, different techniques e.g. chemical and/or biological treatment have been reported for phosphorus removal 3.The removal of phosphate species is still challenging due to its lower limit of detection in oceans and sea water. Recently, there is a need for developing eco-friendly procedures for inorganic and organic pollutants in water based on sample preconcentration used low cost sold sorbent 8, 9. Modified polyurethane foams (PUFs) solid sorbents have become the most valuable technique to classical solid phase extraction (SPE) for enrichment of inorganic ions in water 10, 11. Thus, the work herein is focused on: i) Studying the retention of ZnO treated PUFs sorbent towards phosphate ions in aqueous media for the first time; ii) Assigning the specificity and extraction mechanism of ZnO functionalized immobilized on/in the surface of CV immobilized PUFs extractor towards phosphate in water; iii) Evaluating the performance of ZnO NPs treated CV -PUFs packed column in terms the height equivalent (HETP) and number (N) of the theoretical plate, critical and breakthrough capacities of the sorbent packed column and finally iv) Developing a simple ZnO NPs treated PUFs sorbent packed column for enrichment and determination of trace levels of phosphate ions combined with IC . Method Result CONCLUSIONS Zn NPs treated polyurethane foams (PUFs) was used as a low cost and efficient SPE for preconcentration and subsequent trace determination of phosphate in water samples .Modified PUFs sorbent can be used as an alternative to other preconcentration techniques since it offers many advantages e.g. avoiding the use of organic solvents, low cost, simplicity, convenience and high extraction efficiency compared to several conventional adsorbents including powdered activated carbon for phosphate removal from water samples. Modified PUFS packed column could be reused several times without decrease in its performance. Based on the data obtained “ a dual mode of separation ” is proposed. A rationale techno-economic sense for an organization to a prudent environmental management program can be proposed.
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2D-Dual-Spacing Channel Graphene Oxide Membranes for High Performance Nanofiltration(2019-01-27) [Poster]Membranes have a growing impact in water desalination, chemical and pharmaceutical industrial separations. Two-dimensional (2D) materials have been increasingly utilized to fabricate high performance membranes. However, their characteristic single-spacing channel architecture and the non-ideal physicochemical microenvironments result in a permeance-rejection trade-off. We synergistically manipulated the geometry and chemical microenvironment in the graphene oxide (GO) nanochannels, obtaining 2D dual spacing channels with locally expanded hydrophilic sections and narrow hydrophobic sections. With this tailored structure, we achieve high performances in water and organic solvent nanofiltration.
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Graphene Oxide Liquid Crystal Membranes in Protic Ionic Liquid for Nanofiltration(2019-01-27) [Poster]
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Graphene oxide based membrane as a Pretreatment Step in Thermal Seawater Desalination(2019-01-27) [Poster]
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Synthesis a new Membrane from the Nano-Cellulose Membrane and Nano-Ceramic Membrane in Bioreactor System into the Microbial Fuel Cell for Sewage Treatment by Algae(2019-01-27) [Poster]The problems of water shortage in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) regions are well documented. The population, having more than doubled in the past 30 years to about 280 million, could double again in the next 30 years. As the population has grown against a background of finite freshwater resources, so the water available to individuals has fallen dramatically. A complete study examining the influence of through biological system will be used. Biological systems with algae within the microbial cell will be used in sewage purification in a sustainable and environmentally friendly manner. Biological wastewater treatment harnesses the action of bacteria and other microorganisms to clean water. It is used worldwide because it’s effective and more economical than many mechanical or chemical processes. We will use algae biomass to treat water from biological contaminants. To remove phosphorus, nitrogen, and ammonia. We will use a nano-cellulose membrane and nano ceramic membrane to make them as one membrane to filter water from chemical contaminants such as heavy metals and other contaminants. We will use algae biomass to treat water from biological contaminants. To remove phosphorus, nitrogen, and ammonia. We will use a nano-cellulose membrane and nano ceramic membrane to make them as one membrane to filter water from chemical contaminants such as heavy metals and other contaminants. Cellulose nanomaterials membrane remediation and membranes for water filtration, including their high surface area-to-volume ratio, low environmental impact, high strength, functional ability, and sustainability Ceramic nanomaterials membranes with many advantages, such as superior mechanical strength, higher chemical stability, and better acid and alkali resistant ability, have a promising prospect in water treatment fields. Hence, it is highly expected that ceramic MBR would be more sustainable for e-MBR assemble and application They will be used to synthesize a new membrane with better features and faster filtration and resistance Algae can be used in wastewater treatment for a range of purposes, including: 1. Reduction of BOD. 2. Removal of N and/or P. 3. Inhibition of coliforms. 4. Removal of heavy metals. This algae biomass could be used for: 1.methane production. 2.composting. 3.production of liquid fuels (pseudo-vegetable fuels). 4. as animal feed or in aquaculture. 5. production of fine chemicals. Heavy metal ions could be eliminated by several techniques as follows: • Chemical precipitation. • Reverse osmosis. • Electrochemical treatment techniques. • Ion exchange. • Membrane filtration. • Adsorption due to its low cost-effective, high efficiency, and simple to operate for removing trace levels of heavy metal ions. • Adsorption technology is regarded as the most promising one to remove heavy metal ions from effluents among these techniques mentioned above. Several types of materials to adsorb metal ions from aqueous solutions, such as activated: • Carbons. • Clay minerals. • Chelating materials. • Chitosan/natural zeolites. Ceramic Nanomaterials Membrane. Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) Cellulose Nanomaterials Membrane
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An Innovative Hollow Fiber Air Gap Membrane Distillation (AGMD) Process with Internal Heat Recovery and Reduced Footprint(2019-01-27) [Poster]An Innovative Hollow Fiber Air Gap Membrane Distillation (AGMD) Process with Internal Heat Recovery and Reduced Footprint
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Superwettable Membranes for Highly Efficient Separation of Oil-in-Water Emulsions(2019-01-27) [Poster]Superwettable Membranes for Highly Efficient Separation of Oil-in-Water Emulsions
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PVA/Chitosan nanofiber membranes for Pb (II) and Cd (II) ions removal from wastewater(2019-01-27) [Poster]
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Early biofouling detection using extracellular enzyme activity A prototype explored(2019-01-27) [Poster]Early biofouling detection using extracellular enzyme activity; A prototype explored
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Molecular insights into the time-dependent loss (super)hydrophobicity of desalination membrane(2019-01-27) [Poster]Molecular insights into the time-dependent loss (super)hydrophobicity of desalination membrane
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Is electricity generation from brine by PRO economically feasible?(2019-01-27) [Poster]Is electricity generation from brine by PRO economically feasible?
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Porous nickel hollow fiber cathodes coated with CNTs for efficient microbial electrosythesis of acetate from CO2 using Sporomusa ovata(2019-01-27) [Poster]Porous nickel hollow fiber cathodes coated with CNTs for efficient microbial electrosythesis of acetate from CO2 using Sporomusa ovata
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Can Ceramic Membranes Be Recovered From Adsorbed Surfactants?(2019-01-27) [Poster]Can Ceramic Membranes Be Recovered From Adsorbed Surfactants? A fundamental study of surfactant adsorption onto metal oxides using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM-D)