Micro Drug Delivery System for Heart Disease

Abstract

1. INTRODUCTION & MOTIVATION Ø For the last decades, Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) has been the deadliest disease in the world. Ø CAD caused 8.76 million deaths in the year 2017 according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Ø In Saudi Arabia: • CAD is the leading cause of death in the year 2016, • The number of death had a 20% increase from the year 2005 to 2016 according to WHO.

Ø Existing interventions and drawbacks: • Angioplasty: - Re-narrowing of the artery within the stent - Blood clot formation - Compressed plaque - Re-narrowing in the surrounding of the stent • Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG): - Long surgery (6 - 8 hours) under general anesthetic - Risk of bleeding from the grafting area - Heart rhythm problems and blood clots which higher the risk of stroke To definitively eradicate the disease, a new treatment technique is required. 2. DESIGN & CONCEPT Ø A micro drug delivery system consisting of an electrolytic pump and drug reservoir with micro-needles is attached to a balloon catheter that pushes the micro-needles into the artery walls. Ø Actuation of the pump allows drug delivery through micro-needles to the fatty cholesterol layer. Schematic diagram of the drug delivery process inside the heart artery Schematic diagram and photographs of the drug delivery system 3. FABRICATION Interdigitated electrodes fabrication process Micro-bellows membrane fabrication process 3D-Printing drug reservoir 4. CHARACTERIZATION & TEST Penetration test of a 200 μm long microneedle into PDMS film (Scale bar 50 μm) Parylene C micro-bellows membrane expansion using electrolysis Red-dye delivery through micro-needles using water electrolysis pump 5. CONCLUSION & FUTURE WORK Ø A new treatment method for coronary artery disease has been proposed Ø Fabrication of a micro-pump for drug delivery has been achieved Ø The assembly of the drug reservoir and micro-pump has been tested successfully Ø In process: Assembly of the drug delivery system on top of the balloon catheter