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    First assessment of viral diversity across corals from the central Red Sea suggests abundant association with Baculoviridae

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    Type
    Thesis
    Authors
    Ye, Jin cc
    Advisors
    Voolstra, Christian R. cc
    Committee members
    Moran, Xose Anxelu G. cc
    Tegner, Jesper cc
    Program
    Bioscience
    KAUST Department
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Date
    2018-11
    Embargo End Date
    2019-12-02
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/630111
    
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    Access Restrictions
    At the time of archiving, the student author of this thesis opted to temporarily restrict access to it. The full text of this thesis became available to the public after the expiration of the embargo on 2019-12-02.
    Abstract
    Coral reefs are among the most diverse marine ecosystems, but they are threatened by climate change. The foundation of reef ecosystems is the coral holobiont or metaorganism that consists of the coral animal host, photosynthetic microalgae, bacteria, and viruses (among other organisms). While microalgae provide the energy for corals to build the massive three-dimensional skeletons, bacteria support functions related to metabolism, immunity, and environmental adaptation. Conversely, the function of viruses is less well understood. Although viruses were previously associated with coral disease and bleaching, we are missing an overall understanding of the diversity and identity of viruses associated with corals, in particular for understudied areas such as the Red Sea. Here we characterized coral-associated viral community composition using a large metagenomic and metatransciptomic dataset covering > 1 billion sequences across > 100 coral samples collected from 14 different coral species in the central Red Sea. The viral sequence portion shows that coral species significantly differ from each other, but the most abundant viral families were consistently present. Notably, we found a pervasive abundance of Baculoviridae in metagenomes. In contrast, Polydnaviridae were the most abundant viruses in metatranscriptomes, highlighting that the combined approach of metagenomics and metatranscriptomics is informative with regard to deciphering viral diversity and activity. Our study provides a first comprehensive description of viruses associated with Red Sea corals. In line with previous studies, we confirm the presence of Baculoviridae, Polydnaviridae, Phycodnaviridae, Mimiviridae, and Herpesviridae, which may be considered viral families that are globally and commonly associated with corals. The reason for the pervasive abundance of Baculoviridae in Red Sea corals at present remains unknown, but it is tempting to speculate that the association is related to the uniquely warm and salty environment of the Red Sea.
    Citation
    Ye, J. (2018). First assessment of viral diversity across corals from the central Red Sea suggests abundant association with Baculoviridae. KAUST Research Repository. https://doi.org/10.25781/KAUST-7X7S3
    DOI
    10.25781/KAUST-7X7S3
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.25781/KAUST-7X7S3
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division; Bioscience Program; Theses

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