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    DNA Methylation in the Demosponge Amphimedon queenslandica is Involved in Genome Evolution and Transcription

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    Name:
    RuizAntonio_MS_ThesisFinal.pdf
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    2.934Mb
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    PDF
    Description:
    Ruiz Antonio_MS_Thesis Final
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    Type
    Thesis
    Authors
    Ruiz Santiesteban, Juan Antonio cc
    Advisors
    Aranda, Manuel cc
    Committee members
    Voolstra, Christian R. cc
    Fischle, Wolfgang cc
    Program
    Bioscience
    KAUST Department
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Date
    2018-11
    Embargo End Date
    2019-11-29
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/630102
    
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    Access Restrictions
    At the time of archiving, the student author of this thesis opted to temporarily restrict access to it. The full text of this thesis became available to the public after the expiration of the embargo on 2019-11-29.
    Abstract
    DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism with roles that range from the fine tuning of transcription to genome wide dynamic acclimation to changing environments and regulation of developmental processes. While recent work has confirmed the presence and regulatory functions of DNA methylation in non-bilaterians, its role and distribution in Porifera has never been addressed. In this study, we performed whole genome bisulfite sequencing of the demosponge Amphimedon queenslandica and show that DNA methylation occurs mostly in CpG dinucleotides of coding regions. While high levels of gene-body methylation correlate positively with high expression and co-occur with the histone modification H3K36me3, they are not associated with amelioration of spurious transcription as found in other metazoans; nonetheless, per-exon methylation levels are predictive for exon retention suggesting a role in mRNA splicing. Additionally, analyses of Amphimedon and other sponges genomic data consistently revealed biased dinucleotide frequencies that suggest a long history of methylation-driven CpG conversion. Despite a genome wide loss of CpG dinucleotides, these are positively selected in exons and in methylated genes. These results indicate DNA methylation as a component of early metazoans regulome and challenge hypothesis on CpG methylation acting as a means for codon usage optimization.
    Citation
    Ruiz Santiesteban, J. A. (2018). DNA Methylation in the Demosponge Amphimedon queenslandica is Involved in Genome Evolution and Transcription. KAUST Research Repository. https://doi.org/10.25781/KAUST-0575H
    DOI
    10.25781/KAUST-0575H
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.25781/KAUST-0575H
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division; Bioscience Program; Theses

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