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    Nitridation of optimised TiO2 nanorods through PECVD towards neural electrode application

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Sait, Roaa
    Govindarajan, Sridhar
    Cross, Richard
    Date
    2018-09-18
    Online Publication Date
    2018-09-18
    Print Publication Date
    2018-12
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/629807
    
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    Abstract
    A neural electrode interface material is a key component for effective stimulation and recording of neural activity. The fundamental requirement of a neural electrode is for it to be able to deliver adequate charge to targeted neuronal population. Coating electrode surfaces with nanostructured material not only provides an increase in surface area, providing relatively more active sites for charge delivery than planar systems, but also allows for the reduction of electrode dimension to reduce invasiveness and increase selectivity. In this work, titanium nitride nanowires (TiN-NWs) synthesised by novel nitridation process in Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapour Deposition (PECVD) is suggested as an enhanced coating material for neural electrodes. The synthesis involved the solution growth of crystalline titanium oxide nanorods (TiO2-NRs) from a sputtered TiN nucleation layer followed by nitridation. TiO2-NRs exhibited high aspect ratio of 23.1 and were converted into TiN after one hour of nitridation at 600°C. Evidence of conversion was studied by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The nitridation temperature and time reported here are the lowest and shortest as compared to the literature. The near-stoichiometric TiN-NWs (x=0.49) achieved in this work were used subsequently for electrochemical characterisation through Cyclic Voltammetry (CV). The capacitance of relatively high aspect TiN-NWs was 3.78 mF/cm2, which was a 5-fold enhancement compared to thin film of TiN layer (0.7 mF/cm2). A stability test of the nanowires were performed in which the capacitance remained relatively unchanged.
    Citation
    Sait R, Govindarajan S, Cross R (2018) Nitridation of optimised TiO2 nanorods through PECVD towards neural electrode application. Materialia. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2018.09.015.
    Sponsors
    This work was supported by De Montfort University school of Engineering and sustainable development, Leicester, UK. Authors would like to thank Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for supporting this project financially and providing the needed materials. Authors greatly acknowledge King Abdullah University for Science and Technology for performing PECVD runs and providing XPS and TEM measurements. Thanks to Dr. Ahmed O.Alzahrani from Centre of Nanotechnology, King Abdullah University, for providing Raman measurements.
    Publisher
    Elsevier BV
    Journal
    Materialia
    DOI
    10.1016/j.mtla.2018.09.015
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.mtla.2018.09.015
    Scopus Count
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