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    Multi-scale Inference of Lithospheric Seismic Structure in Saudi Arabia

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    ZhengTangThesis (2).pdf
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    Type
    Dissertation
    Authors
    Tang, Zheng cc
    Advisors
    Mai, Paul Martin cc
    Committee members
    Schuster, Gerard T. cc
    Jonsson, Sigurjon cc
    Jones, Burton cc
    Mooney, Walter cc
    Program
    Earth Science and Engineering
    KAUST Department
    Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division
    Date
    2018-11
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/629730
    
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    Abstract
    The complex geology of the Arabian plate together with the sparse nature of previous datasets have prevented a detailed characterization of the lithospheric structure and its spatial relationship to surface geology. With newly acquired large amount of seismic data, we investigate the crustal and upper-mantle velocity structure and develop highresolution 3-D shear-wave velocity models for Saudi Arabia using receiver functions and surface wave dispersion velocities. Our datasets, including teleseismic data for obtaining receiver functions and regional earthquake data for measuring Rayleigh-wave dispersion curves, are recorded by Saudi National Seismic Network (SNSN) stations operated by the Saudi Geological Survey (SGS). Our results reveal significant lateral variations in shearwave speeds of the crust and upper mantle, bulk Vp/Vs ratio, crustal thickness, and Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary (LAB) depth beneath Saudi Arabia. Particularly, we notice interesting mantle-lid velocity and temperature patterns in which slow shearvelocities and high temperatures are observed below the southern and northern tips of the Arabian shield, compared with the values obtained for the central shield. Also, we detect high crustal bulk Vp/Vs ratios in Harrat Lunayyir and a few crustal low shear-velocity anomalies below the Cenozoic lava fields in the Arabian shield. In addition, a rather thin lithosphere and an upper-mantle low shear-velocity zone below western Arabia are imaged. We discuss our results and how they are related to previous geochemical observations, the origin of the Cenozoic volcanism, the influence of the Red Sea rift and the Afar plume on the volcanism, as well as possible plumbing system of magmas underneath western Arabia.
    DOI
    10.25781/KAUST-0G120
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.25781/KAUST-0G120
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Dissertations; Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division; Earth Science and Engineering Program

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