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    Coral reef degradation affects the potential for reef recovery after disturbance

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Roth, Florian cc
    Saalmann, F.
    Thomson, T.
    Coker, Darren James cc
    Villalobos, R.
    Jones, Burton cc
    Wild, C.
    Carvalho, Susana cc
    KAUST Department
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Marine Science Program
    Red Sea Research Center (RSRC)
    Date
    2018-09-21
    Online Publication Date
    2018-09-21
    Print Publication Date
    2018-11
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/628789
    
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    Abstract
    The loss of coral cover is often accompanied by an increase of benthic algae, a decline in biodiversity and habitat complexity. However, it remains unclear how surrounding communities influence the trajectories of re-colonization between pulse disturbance events. Over a 12-month field experiment in the central Red Sea, we examined how healthy (hard-coral dominated) and degraded (algae-dominated) reef areas influence recruitment and succession patterns of benthic reef foundation communities on bare substrates. Crustose coralline algae and other calcifiers were important colonizers in the healthy reef area, promoting the accumulation of inorganic carbon. Contrary, substrates in the degraded area were predominantly colonized by turf algae, lowering the accumulation of inorganic carbon by 178%. While coral larvae settlement similarly occurred in both habitats, degraded areas showed 50% fewer recruits. Our findings suggest that in degraded reefs the replenishment of adult coral populations is reduced due to recruitment inhibition through limited habitat complexity and grazing pressure, thereby restraining reef recovery.
    Citation
    Roth F, Saalmann F, Thomson T, Coker DJ, Villalobos R, et al. (2018) Coral reef degradation affects the potential for reef recovery after disturbance. Marine Environmental Research. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.09.022.
    Sponsors
    We are grateful to the personnel from the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Coastal and Marine Resources Core Lab for logistical support. We thank Ulrich Struck and Marianne Falk of the Isotope Laboratory at the Museum of Natural History (Berlin, Germany) who helped with elemental analysis. The authors would also like to thank Holger Anlauf and João Cúrdia who helped with the field work and sample processing. We would also like to thank Ute Langner for the production of the map in Fig. 1. The graphical illustration of Fig. 1 was produced by João Cúrdia. This work was supported by funding to SC from Saudi Aramco within the framework of the Saudi Aramco – KAUST Center for Marine Environmental Observations, KAUST baseline funding to BHJ as well as baseline funding from Bremen University to CW.
    Publisher
    Elsevier BV
    Journal
    Marine Environmental Research
    DOI
    10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.09.022
    Additional Links
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141113618305002
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.09.022
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division; Red Sea Research Center (RSRC); Marine Science Program

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