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    Losses of salt marsh in China: Trends, threats and management

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Gu, Jiali
    Luo, Min
    Zhang, Xiujuan cc
    Christakos, George
    Agusti, Susana cc
    Duarte, Carlos M. cc
    Wu, Jiaping
    KAUST Department
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Marine Science Program
    Red Sea Research Center (RSRC)
    Date
    2018-09-18
    Online Publication Date
    2018-09-18
    Print Publication Date
    2018-12
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/628759
    
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    Abstract
    Coastal salt marsh, one of the blue carbon ecosystems that can adapt and mitigate climate change influence, is drawing global attention due to its high carbon sequestration capability. In China, however, coastal salt marsh has suffered great losses. Nation-wide analysis of salt marsh trends and management is critical to ecosystem protection and restoration. Thus, by analyzing previous coastal salt marsh studies, we found that the extent of coastal salt marsh varied greatly among the Liao River Delta, the Yellow River Delta, the middle coast of Jiangsu Province, Chongming Dongtan and Jiuduansha in Shanghai, with a 59% overall loss of salt marsh extent from the 1980s to the 2010s. The rate of salt marsh loss slowed down after the year 2000. Coastal land-claim (reclamation) is the most dominant driver of salt marsh loss. Climate change and coastal erosion, invasive species, and vegetation dynamics driven by competition and succession have also led to various effects on salt marsh extent and the ecological services they provide. Sea level rise, reclamation pressure and environmental pollution are the main factors, as negative drivers, together with conservation and restoration policies, as positive ones, affecting future trends in salt marshes. China has implemented several measures to protect and restore salt marshes, such as setting up protected areas, drawing marine ecological redline, and making strict regulations on reclamation. However, stronger legal protection for wetlands, more effective enforcement, and participation by local communities can further enhance salt marsh restoration, conservation and management.
    Citation
    Gu J, Luo M, Zhang X, Christakos G, Agusti S, et al. (2018) Losses of salt marsh in China: Trends, threats and management. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 214: 98–109. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2018.09.015.
    Sponsors
    This research was funded by Policy and Implementation on Blue Carbon Program, State Oceanic Administration of China [grant #529105-T21702], and the Joint Center for Marine Environment and Ecosystems [grant #2016C04004]. We are very grateful to Prof. & ECSS Editor Elliott, Prof. Kerstin Wasson from Elkhorn Slough Reserve, California and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments/suggestions, which substantially improve this work.
    Publisher
    Elsevier BV
    Journal
    Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science
    DOI
    10.1016/j.ecss.2018.09.015
    Additional Links
    http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272771418302208
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.ecss.2018.09.015
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division; Red Sea Research Center (RSRC); Marine Science Program

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