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    Fungal resistance mediated by maize wall-associated kinase ZmWAK-RLK1 correlates with reduced benzoxazinoid content

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Yang, Ping
    Praz, Coraline
    Li, Beibei
    Singla, Jyoti
    Robert, Christelle A. M.
    Kessel, Bettina
    Scheuermann, Daniela
    Lüthi, Linda
    Ouzunova, Milena
    Erb, Matthias
    Krattinger, Simon G. cc
    Keller, Beat
    KAUST Department
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Plant Science
    Date
    2018-09-04
    Online Publication Date
    2018-09-04
    Print Publication Date
    2019-01
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/628523
    
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    Abstract
    Wall-associated kinases (WAKs) have recently been identified as major components of fungal and bacterial disease resistance in several cereal crop species. However, the molecular mechanisms of WAK-mediated resistance remain largely unknown. \nHere, we investigated the function of the maize gene ZmWAK-RLK1 (Htn1) that confers quantitative resistance to northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) caused by the hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen Exserohilum turcicum. \nZmWAK-RLK1 was found to localize to the plasma membrane and its presence resulted in a modification of the infection process by reducing pathogen penetration into host tissues. A large-scale transcriptome analysis of near-isogenic lines (NILs) differing for ZmWAK-RLK1 revealed that several differentially expressed genes are involved in the biosynthesis of the secondary metabolites benzoxazinoids (BXs). The contents of several BXs including DIM2BOA-Glc were significantly lower when ZmWAK-RLK1 is present. DIM2BOA-Glc concentration was significantly elevated in ZmWAK-RLK1 mutants with compromised NCLB resistance. Maize mutants that were affected in overall BXs biosynthesis or content of DIM2BOA-Glc showed increased NCLB resistance. \nWe conclude that Htn1-mediated NCLB resistance is associated with a reduction of BX secondary metabolites. These findings suggest a link between WAK-mediated quantitative disease resistance and changes in biochemical fluxes starting with indole-3-glycerol phosphate.
    Citation
    Yang P, Praz C, Li B, Singla J, Robert CAM, et al. (2018) Fungal resistance mediated by maize wall-associated kinase ZmWAK-RLK1 correlates with reduced benzoxazinoid content. New Phytologist. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.15419.
    Sponsors
    The authors would like to thank Dr Severine Hurni (UZH) for helpful discussions, Professor Jiaqiang Sun (Institute of Crop Sciences, CAAS) for assistance in performance of Western blot, Professor Jianfeng Wen for assistance in performance of experiments with maize protoplasts, Professor Georg Jander (Cornell University) for kindly providing bx mutants, and Mr Alessandro Artemisio, Mr Gerhard Herren, Mr Karl Huwiler, Mr Thibault Vassor and Ms Matisse Petit-Prost for technical support. This work was supported by Swiss National Science Foundation Grant 310030_163260 to B Keller. SGK is supported by an Ambizione grant of the Swiss National Science Foundation. PY is supported by Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of CAAS and Fundamental Research Funds for Central Non-Profit of Institute of Crop Sciences of CAAS, China.
    Publisher
    Wiley
    Journal
    New Phytologist
    DOI
    10.1111/nph.15419
    Additional Links
    https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.15419
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1111/nph.15419
    Scopus Count
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    Articles; Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division

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