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    The Role of the Side Chain on the Performance of N-type Conjugated Polymers in Aqueous Electrolytes

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Giovannitti, Alexander cc
    Maria, Iuliana P.
    Hanifi, David
    Donahue, Mary J.
    Bryant, Daniel
    Barth, Katrina J.
    Makdah, Beatrice E.
    Savva, Achilleas
    Moia, Davide
    Zetek, Matyáš
    Barnes, Piers R.F. cc
    Reid, Obadiah G.
    Inal, Sahika cc
    Rumbles, Garry cc
    Malliaras, George G. cc
    Nelson, Jenny
    Rivnay, Jonathan
    McCulloch, Iain cc
    KAUST Department
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Bioscience Program
    Chemical Science Program
    KAUST Solar Center (KSC)
    Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division
    Date
    2018-04-24
    Online Publication Date
    2018-04-24
    Print Publication Date
    2018-05-08
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/627699
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    We report a design strategy that allows the preparation of solution processable n-type materials from low boiling point solvents for organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). The polymer backbone is based on NDI-T2 copolymers where a branched alkyl side chain is gradually exchanged for a linear ethylene glycol-based side chain. A series of random copolymers was prepared with glycol side chain percentages of 0, 10, 25, 50, 75, 90, and 100 with respect to the alkyl side chains. These were characterized to study the influence of the polar side chains on interaction with aqueous electrolytes, their electrochemical redox reactions, and performance in OECTs when operated in aqueous electrolytes. We observed that glycol side chain percentages of >50% are required to achieve volumetric charging, while lower glycol chain percentages show a mixed operation with high required voltages to allow for bulk charging of the organic semiconductor. A strong dependence of the electron mobility on the fraction of glycol chains was found for copolymers based on NDI-T2, with a significant drop as alkyl side chains are replaced by glycol side chains.
    Citation
    Giovannitti A, Maria IP, Hanifi D, Donahue MJ, Bryant D, et al. (2018) The Role of the Side Chain on the Performance of N-type Conjugated Polymers in Aqueous Electrolytes. Chemistry of Materials. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b00321.
    Sponsors
    We thank Iain Hamilton for assistance in measuring contact angle data and Nathan Cheetham for recording solid state absorption spectra. We acknowledge funding from KAUST and BASF, as well as EPSRC Projects EP/P02484X/1, EP/G037515/1, EP/M005143/1, EP/N509486/1; EC FP7 Project SC2 (610115); and EC H2020 Project SOLEDLIGHT (643791) In addition, this project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No 742708). O.G.R. and G.R. acknowledge support for the microwave conductivity and photoluminescence measurements from the Solar Photochemistry Program, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. D.H. gratefully acknowledges support from NSF-GFRP.
    Publisher
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Journal
    Chemistry of Materials
    DOI
    10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b00321
    Additional Links
    https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b00321
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b00321
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division; Bioscience Program; Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division; Chemical Science Program; KAUST Solar Center (KSC)

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