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    Stable High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells via Grain Boundary Passivation

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Niu, Tianqi
    Lu, Jing
    Munir, Rahim cc
    Li, Jianbo
    Barrit, Dounya cc
    Zhang, Xu
    Hu, Hanlin cc
    Yang, Zhou
    Amassian, Aram cc
    Zhao, Kui cc
    Liu, Shengzhong Frank cc
    KAUST Department
    KAUST Solar Center (KSC)
    Material Science and Engineering Program
    Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics Group
    Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division
    Date
    2018-03-12
    Online Publication Date
    2018-03-12
    Print Publication Date
    2018-04
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/627469
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    The trap states at grain boundaries (GBs) within polycrystalline perovskite films deteriorate their optoelectronic properties, making GB engineering particularly important for stable high-performance optoelectronic devices. It is demonstrated that trap states within bulk films can be effectively passivated by semiconducting molecules with Lewis acid or base functional groups. The perovskite crystallization kinetics are studied using in situ synchrotron-based grazing-incidence X-ray scattering to explore the film formation mechanism. A model of the passivation mechanism is proposed to understand how the molecules simultaneously passivate the Pb-I antisite defects and vacancies created by under-coordinated Pb atoms. In addition, it also explains how the energy offset between the semiconducting molecules and the perovskite influences trap states and intergrain carrier transport. The superior optoelectronic properties are attained by optimizing the molecular passivation treatments. These benefits are translated into significant enhancements of the power conversion efficiencies to 19.3%, as well as improved environmental and thermal stability of solar cells. The passivated devices without encapsulation degrade only by ≈13% after 40 d of exposure in 50% relative humidity at room temperature, and only ≈10% after 24 h at 80 °C in controlled environment.
    Citation
    Niu T, Lu J, Munir R, Li J, Barrit D, et al. (2018) Stable High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells via Grain Boundary Passivation. Advanced Materials: 1706576. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201706576.
    Sponsors
    K.Z. and T.N. designed and performed most of the experiments. R.M., D.B., and A.A. acquired in situ GIWAXS measurements and analyzed the data. J.L., J.L., and Z.Y. helped SEM test and TRPL measurements. H.H. performed TEM measurements. X.Z. helped trap density measurements. K.Z., A.A., S.(F.)L., and T.N. contributed to the writing of the paper. This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFA0204800, 2016YFA0202403), National Natural Science Foundation of China (61604092, 61674098), National University Research Fund (Grant Nos. GK261001009, GK201603055), the 111 Project (B14041), and National 1000-talent-plan program (1110010341). GIWAXS measurements were performed at D-line in the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) and helped by the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). CHESS is supported by the NSF Award DMR-1332208.
    Publisher
    Wiley
    Journal
    Advanced Materials
    DOI
    10.1002/adma.201706576
    PubMed ID
    29527750
    Additional Links
    http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adma.201706576/full
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1002/adma.201706576
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division; Material Science and Engineering Program; KAUST Solar Center (KSC)

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