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    2-Methylfuran: A bio-derived octane booster for spark-ignition engines

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    JFUE-D-17-04955R1.pdf
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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Sarathy, Mani cc
    Shankar, Vijai cc
    Tripathi, Rupali
    Pitsch, Heinz
    Sarathy, Mani cc
    KAUST Department
    Chemical Engineering Program
    Clean Combustion Research Center
    Combustion and Pyrolysis Chemistry (CPC) Group
    Mechanical Engineering Program
    Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division
    Date
    2018-04-02
    Online Publication Date
    2018-04-02
    Print Publication Date
    2018-08
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/627430
    
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    Abstract
    The efficiency of spark-ignition engines is limited by the phenomenon of knock, which is caused by auto-ignition of the fuel-air mixture ahead of the spark-initiated flame front. The resistance of a fuel to knock is quantified by its octane index; therefore, increasing the octane index of a spark-ignition engine fuel increases the efficiency of the respective engine. However, raising the octane index of gasoline increases the refining costs, as well as the energy consumption during production. The use of alternative fuels with synergistic blending effects presents an attractive option for improving octane index. In this work, the octane enhancing potential of 2-methylfuran (2-MF), a next-generation biofuel, has been examined and compared to other high-octane components (i.e., ethanol and toluene). A primary reference fuel with an octane index of 60 (PRF60) was chosen as the base fuel since it closely represents refinery naphtha streams, which are used as gasoline blend stocks. Initial screening of the fuels was done in an ignition quality tester (IQT). The PRF60/2-MF (80/20 v/v%) blend exhibited longer ignition delay times compared to PRF60/ethanol (80/20 v/v%) blend and PRF60/toluene (80/20 v/v%) blend, even though pure 2-MF is more reactive than both ethanol and toluene. The mixtures were also tested in a cooperative fuels research (CFR) engine under research octane number and motor octane number like conditions. The PRF60/2-MF blend again possesses a higher octane index than other blending components. A detailed chemical kinetic analysis was performed to understand the synergetic blending effect of 2-MF, using a well-validated PRF/2-MF kinetic model. Kinetic analysis revealed superior suppression of low-temperature chemistry with the addition of 2-MF. The results from simulations were further confirmed by homogeneous charge compression ignition engine experiments, which established its superior low-temperature heat release (LTHR) suppression compared to ethanol, resulting in better blending octane numbers. This work explores and provides a chemically sound explanation for the potential of 2-MF as an octane enhancer.
    Citation
    Singh E, Shankar VSB, Tripathi R, Pitsch H, Sarathy SM (2018) 2-Methylfuran: A bio-derived octane booster for spark-ignition engines. Fuel 225: 349–357. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.03.169.
    Sponsors
    The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of this work from the Clean Combustion Research Center (CCRC) at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). The work at RWTH Aachen University was performed within the Cluster of Excellence “Tailor-Made fuels from Biomass” which is funded by the Excellence Initiative by the German federal and state governments to promote science and research at German universities.
    Publisher
    Elsevier BV
    Journal
    Fuel
    DOI
    10.1016/j.fuel.2018.03.169
    Additional Links
    http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016236118305878
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.fuel.2018.03.169
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division; Chemical Engineering Program; Mechanical Engineering Program; Clean Combustion Research Center

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