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    Synthesis and Characterization of Quaternary Metal Chalcogenide Aerogels for Gas Separation and Volatile Hydrocarbon Adsorption

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    Dissertation_by_Fatimah_Edhaim_14112017.compressed.pdf
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    PDF
    Description:
    Fatimah Edhaim - Dissertation
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    Type
    Dissertation
    Authors
    Edhaim, Fatimah A. cc
    Advisors
    Rothenberger, Alexander
    Committee members
    Takanabe, Kazuhiro cc
    Nunes, Suzana Pereira cc
    Khushaim, Muna S. cc
    Program
    Chemical Science
    KAUST Department
    Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division
    Date
    2017-11
    Embargo End Date
    2018-11-20
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/626176
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Access Restrictions
    At the time of archiving, the student author of this dissertation opted to temporarily restrict access to it. The full text of this dissertation became available to the public after the expiration of the embargo on 2018-11-20.
    Abstract
    In this dissertation, the metathesis route of metal chalcogenide aerogel synthesis was expanded by conducting systematic studies between polysulfide building blocks and the 1st-row transition metal linkers. Resulting materials were screened as sorbents for selective gas separation and volatile organic compounds adsorption. They showed preferential adsorption of polarizable gases (CO2) and organic compounds (toluene). Ion exchange and heavy metal remediation properties have also been demonstrated. The effect of the presence of different counter-ion within chalcogel frameworks on the adsorption capacity of the chalcogels was studied on AFe3Zn3S17 (A= K, Na, and Rb) chalcogels. The highest adsorption capacity toward hydrocarbons and gases was observed on Rb based chalcogels. Adopting a new building block [BiTe3]3- with the 1st-row transition metal ions results in the formation of three high BET surface area chalcogels, KCrBiTe3, KZnBiTe3, and KFeBiTe3. The resulting chalcogels showed preferential adsorption of toluene vapor, and remarkable selectivity of CO2, indicating the potential future use of chalcogels in adsorption-based gas or hydrocarbon separation processes. The synthesis and characterization of the rare earth chalcogels NaYSnS4, NaGdSnS4, and NaTbSnS4 are also reported. Rare earth metal ions react with the thiostannate clusters in formamide solution forming extended polymeric networks by gelation. Obtained chalcogels have high BET surface areas, and showed notable adsorption capacity toward CO2 and toluene vapor. These chalcogels have also been engaged in the absorption of different organic molecules. The results reveal the ability of the chalcogels to distinguish among organic molecules on their electronic structures; hence, they could be used as sensors. Furthermore, the synthesis of metal chalcogenide aerogels Co0.5Sb0.33MoS4 and Co0.5Y0.33MoS4 by the sol-gel method is reported. In this system, the building blocks [MoS4]2- chelated with Co2+ and (Sb3+) or (Y3+) salts in nonaqueous solvents forming amorphous networks with gel properties. The chalcogels obtained after supercritical drying have high BET surface areas. These chalcogels showed higher adsorption capacity of toluene vapor over cyclohexane vapor and high selectivity of CO2 over CH4 or H2. The uptake capacity and selectivity of toluene and CO2 adsorption of Co0.5Sb0.33MoS4 were significantly enhanced by the post-synthetic modifications of various metal species like Ni2+, Li+, and Mg2+.
    DOI
    10.25781/KAUST-TA569
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.25781/KAUST-TA569
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Dissertations; Dissertations; Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division; Chemical Science Program

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