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    pH gradients in the diffusive boundary layer of subarctic macrophytes

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Hendriks, Iris E.
    Duarte, Carlos M. cc
    Marbà, Núria
    Krause-Jensen, Dorte
    KAUST Department
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Marine Science Program
    Red Sea Research Center (RSRC)
    Date
    2017-06-20
    Online Publication Date
    2017-06-20
    Print Publication Date
    2017-12
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/625628
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    Highly productive macrophytes produce diurnal and seasonal cycles in CO concentrations modulated by metabolic activity, which cause discrepancies between pH in the bulk water and near seaweed blades, especially when entering the diffusion boundary layer (DBL). Calcifying epiphytic organisms living in this environment are therefore exposed to a different pH environment than that of the water column. To evaluate the actual pH environment on blade surfaces, we measured the thickness of the DBL and pH gradients within it for six subarctic macrophytes: Fucus vesiculosus, Ascophyllum nodosum, Ulva lactuca, Zostera marina, Saccharina longicruris, and Agarum clathratum. We measured pH under laboratory conditions at ambient temperatures (2–3 °C) and slow, stable flow over the blade surface at five light intensities (dark, 30, 50, 100 and 200 µmol photons m s). Boundary layer thickness ranged between 511 and 1632 µm, while the maximum difference in pH (∆pH) between the blade surface and the water column ranged between 0.4 ± 0.14 (average ± SE; Zostera) and 1.2 ± 0.13 (average ± SE; Ulva) pH units. These differences in pH are larger than predictions for pH changes in the bulk water by the end of the century. A simple quadratic model best described the relationship between light intensity and maximum ∆pH, pointing at relatively low optimum PAR of between 28 and 139 µmol photons m s to reach maximum ∆pH. Elevated pH at the blade surface may provide chemical “refugia” for calcifying epiphytic organisms, especially during summer at higher latitudes where photoperiods are long.
    Citation
    Hendriks IE, Duarte CM, Marbà N, Krause-Jensen D (2017) pH gradients in the diffusive boundary layer of subarctic macrophytes. Polar Biology. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-017-2143-y.
    Sponsors
    This study was funded by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency within the Danish Cooperation for Environment in the Arctic (DANCEA).
    Publisher
    Springer Nature
    Journal
    Polar Biology
    DOI
    10.1007/s00300-017-2143-y
    Additional Links
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00300-017-2143-y
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1007/s00300-017-2143-y
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division; Red Sea Research Center (RSRC); Marine Science Program

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