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    Marine reserves can mitigate and promote adaptation to climate change

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    PNAS-2017-Roberts-6167-75.pdf
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    Description:
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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Roberts, Callum M.
    O’Leary, Bethan C.
    McCauley, Douglas J.
    Cury, Philippe Maurice
    Duarte, Carlos M. cc
    Lubchenco, Jane
    Pauly, Daniel
    Sáenz-Arroyo, Andrea
    Sumaila, Ussif Rashid
    Wilson, Rod W.
    Worm, Boris
    Castilla, Juan Carlos
    KAUST Department
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Marine Science Program
    Red Sea Research Center (RSRC)
    Date
    2017-06-05
    Online Publication Date
    2017-06-05
    Print Publication Date
    2017-06-13
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/625600
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Strong decreases in greenhouse gas emissions are required to meet the reduction trajectory resolved within the 2015 Paris Agreement. However, even these decreases will not avert serious stress and damage to life on Earth, and additional steps are needed to boost the resilience of ecosystems, safeguard their wildlife, and protect their capacity to supply vital goods and services. We discuss how well-managed marine reserves may help marine ecosystems and people adapt to five prominent impacts of climate change: acidification, sea-level rise, intensification of storms, shifts in species distribution, and decreased productivity and oxygen availability, as well as their cumulative effects. We explore the role of managed ecosystems in mitigating climate change by promoting carbon sequestration and storage and by buffering against uncertainty in management, environmental fluctuations, directional change, and extreme events. We highlight both strengths and limitations and conclude that marine reserves are a viable low-tech, cost-effective adaptation strategy that would yield multiple cobenefits from local to global scales, improving the outlook for the environment and people into the future.
    Citation
    Roberts CM, O’Leary BC, McCauley DJ, Cury PM, Duarte CM, et al. (2017) Marine reserves can mitigate and promote adaptation to climate change. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114: 6167–6175. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1701262114.
    Sponsors
    We thank Ivan Gromicho, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, for drawing Fig. 1. We also thank the editors and reviewers for their helpful comments which much improved the manuscript. B.C.O. and C.M.R. are supported by The Pew Charitable Trusts. D.J.M. is supported by the Benioff Ocean Initiative. J.C.C. received support from Project CCM RC 130004 of the Iniciativa Cientifica Milenio, Ministerio de Economia, Chile. C.M.D. was supported by the Baseline Fund of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. D.P. receives support from the Paul G. Allen Family Foundation through the Sea Around Us Project of the University of British Columbia. U.R.S. is Project Director of the OceanCanada Partnership, which receives support from the Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada. R.W.W. is supported by the Natural Environment Research Council and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council in the United Kingdom.
    Publisher
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Journal
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    DOI
    10.1073/pnas.1701262114
    PubMed ID
    28584096
    Additional Links
    http://www.pnas.org/content/114/24/6167
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1073/pnas.1701262114
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division; Red Sea Research Center (RSRC); Marine Science Program

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