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    Mechanisms of Contact Electrification at Aluminum-Polytetrafluoroethylene and Polypropylene-Water

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    MS Thesis_Jamilya Nauruzbayeva_Spring 2016.pdf
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    MS Thesis_Jamilya Nauruzbayeva_Spring 2016
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    Type
    Thesis
    Authors
    Nauruzbayeva, Jamilya cc
    Advisors
    Mishra, Himanshu cc
    Committee members
    Santamarina, Carlos cc
    Saikaly, Pascal cc
    Program
    Environmental Science and Engineering
    KAUST Department
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Date
    2017-04
    Embargo End Date
    2018-05-09
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/623459
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Access Restrictions
    At the time of archiving, the student author of this thesis opted to temporarily restrict access to it. The full text of this thesis became available to the public after the expiration of the embargo on 2018-05-09.
    Abstract
    Contact electrification refers to the transfer of electrical charges between two surfaces, similar and dissimilar, as they are brought into contact and separated; this phenomenon is also known as static electrification or triboelectrification. For example, everyone has experienced weak electrical shocks from metal doorknobs, wool and synthetic clothing on dry days. While contact electrification might appear insignificant, it plays a key role in numerous natural and industrial processes, including atmospheric lightning, accumulation of dust on solar panels, charging of liquids during pipetting and flow in the tubes, and fire hazards in granular media. Contact electrification at metal-metal interfaces is well understood in terms of transfer of electrons, but a comprehensive understanding of contact electrification at interfaces of electrical insulators, such as air, water, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polypropylene remains incomplete. In fact, a variety of mechanisms responsible for transfer of electrical charges during mechanical rubbing, slipping, sliding, or flow at interfaces have been proposed via: electrons, ions, protons, hydroxide ions from water, specific orientation of dipoles, mechanoradicals, cryptoelectrons, and transfer of material. We have noticed that the extent of contact electrification of solids in water is influenced by surface free energies, mobile ions, surface roughness, duration of contact, sliding speeds, and relative humidity. Herein, we present results of our experimental investigation of contact electrification at the following interfaces: (i) PTFE-aluminum in air and (ii) polypropylene-water interfaces. To identify the underlying mechanism, we started with various hypotheses and exploited a variety of experimental techniques to falsify most of them until we got an answer; our techniques included high-voltage power supply (0-10,000 V), Faraday cages, Kelvin probe force microscopy, electrodeposition, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, optical microscopy, a contact angle cell, and high-speed imaging. We concluded that contact electrification at the PTFE-aluminum interface was driven by electrons transferred from aluminum to PTFE. In contrast, contact electrification at the polypropylene-water interface was driven by the specific adsorption of OH- ions onto polypropylene. These insights should be helpful in designing applications of polymers where electrical charging could have influence, or applications that could be based on electrical charging at such interfaces, such as triboelectric generator.
    Citation
    Nauruzbayeva, J. (2017). Mechanisms of Contact Electrification at Aluminum-Polytetrafluoroethylene and Polypropylene-Water. KAUST Research Repository. https://doi.org/10.25781/KAUST-VR4GK
    DOI
    10.25781/KAUST-VR4GK
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.25781/KAUST-VR4GK
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division; Environmental Science and Engineering Program; Theses; Theses

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