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    Functional genomics analysis of vitamin D effects on CD4+ T cells in vivo in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis ‬

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Zeitelhofer, Manuel
    Adzemovic, Milena Z.
    Gomez-Cabrero, David cc
    Bergman, Petra
    Hochmeister, Sonja
    N'diaye, Marie
    Paulson, Atul
    Ruhrmann, Sabrina
    Almgren, Malin
    Tegner, Jesper cc
    Ekström, Tomas J.
    Guerreiro-Cacais, André Ortlieb
    Jagodic, Maja
    KAUST Department
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Bioscience Program
    Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division
    Date
    2017-02-14
    Online Publication Date
    2017-02-14
    Print Publication Date
    2017-02-28
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/623186
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    Vitamin D exerts multiple immunomodulatory functions and has been implicated in the etiology and treatment of several autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). We have previously reported that in juvenile/adolescent rats, vitamin D supplementation protects from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of MS. Here we demonstrate that this protective effect associates with decreased proliferation of CD4+ T cells and lower frequency of pathogenic T helper (Th) 17 cells. Using transcriptome, methylome, and pathway analyses in CD4+ T cells, we show that vitamin D affects multiple signaling and metabolic pathways critical for T-cell activation and differentiation into Th1 and Th17 subsets in vivo. Namely, Jak/Stat, Erk/Mapk, and Pi3K/Akt/mTor signaling pathway genes were down-regulated upon vitamin D supplementation. The protective effect associated with epigenetic mechanisms, such as (i) changed levels of enzymes involved in establishment and maintenance of epigenetic marks, i.e., DNA methylation and histone modifications; (ii) genome-wide reduction of DNA methylation, and (iii) up-regulation of noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs, with concomitant down-regulation of their protein-coding target RNAs involved in T-cell activation and differentiation. We further demonstrate that treatment of myelin-specific T cells with vitamin D reduces frequency of Th1 and Th17 cells, down-regulates genes in key signaling pathways and epigenetic machinery, and impairs their ability to transfer EAE. Finally, orthologs of nearly 50% of candidate MS risk genes and 40% of signature genes of myelin-reactive T cells in MS changed their expression in vivo in EAE upon supplementation, supporting the hypothesis that vitamin D may modulate risk for developing MS.
    Citation
    Zeitelhofer M, Adzemovic MZ, Gomez-Cabrero D, Bergman P, Hochmeister S, et al. (2017) Functional genomics analysis of vitamin D effects on CD4+ T cells in vivo in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis ‬. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114: E1678–E1687. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1615783114.
    Sponsors
    This study was supported by the Swedish Research Council (M.J. and J.N.T.); the Swedish Association for Persons with Neurological Disabilities (M.J.); the Swedish Brain Foundation (M.J. and J.N.T.); the Swedish Medical Society (M.J.); the Petrus and Augusta Hedlunds Foundation (M.J.); Karolinska Institutet funds (to M.J. and S.R.); AFA Insurance (T.J.E. and J.N.T.); Wenner-Gren Foundations Grant (to M.Z.); and Biogen Idec Grant (to M.Z.A.).
    Publisher
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Journal
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    DOI
    10.1073/pnas.1615783114
    Additional Links
    http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2017/02/13/1615783114
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1073/pnas.1615783114
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division; Bioscience Program; Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering (CEMSE) Division

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