Population genomics reveals that an anthropophilic population of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in West Africa recently gave rise to American and Asian populations of this major disease vector
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ArticleAuthors
Crawford, Jacob E.Alves, Joel M.
Palmer, William J.
Day, Jonathan P.
Sylla, Massamba
Ramasamy, Ranjan
Surendran, Sinnathamby N.
Black, William C., IV
Pain, Arnab

Jiggins, Francis M.
KAUST Department
Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) DivisionBioscience Program
Date
2017-02-28Online Publication Date
2017-02-28Print Publication Date
2017-12Permanent link to this record
http://hdl.handle.net/10754/622961
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
BackgroundThe mosquito Aedes aegypti is the main vector of dengue, Zika, chikungunya and yellow fever viruses. This major disease vector is thought to have arisen when the African subspecies Ae. aegypti formosus evolved from being zoophilic and living in forest habitats into a form that specialises on humans and resides near human population centres. The resulting domestic subspecies, Ae. aegypti aegypti, is found throughout the tropics and largely blood-feeds on humans.ResultsTo understand this transition, we have sequenced the exomes of mosquitoes collected from five populations from around the world. We found that Ae. aegypti specimens from an urban population in Senegal in West Africa were more closely related to populations in Mexico and Sri Lanka than they were to a nearby forest population. We estimate that the populations in Senegal and Mexico split just a few hundred years ago, and we found no evidence of Ae. aegypti aegypti mosquitoes migrating back to Africa from elsewhere in the tropics. The out-of-Africa migration was accompanied by a dramatic reduction in effective population size, resulting in a loss of genetic diversity and rare genetic variants.ConclusionsWe conclude that a domestic population of Ae. aegypti in Senegal and domestic populations on other continents are more closely related to each other than to other African populations. This suggests that an ancestral population of Ae. aegypti evolved to become a human specialist in Africa, giving rise to the subspecies Ae. aegypti aegypti. The descendants of this population are still found in West Africa today, and the rest of the world was colonised when mosquitoes from this population migrated out of Africa. This is the first report of an African population of Ae. aegypti aegypti mosquitoes that is closely related to Asian and American populations. As the two subspecies differ in their ability to vector disease, their existence side by side in West Africa may have important implications for disease transmission.Citation
Crawford JE, Alves JM, Palmer WJ, Day JP, Sylla M, et al. (2017) Population genomics reveals that an anthropophilic population of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in West Africa recently gave rise to American and Asian populations of this major disease vector. BMC Biology 15. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12915-017-0351-0.Sponsors
This work was funded by European Research Council grant Drosophila Infection 281668 to FMJ, a KAUST AEA award to FMJ and AP, a Medical Research Council Centenary Award to WJP and a National Institutes of Health Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award to JC.Publisher
Springer NatureJournal
BMC BiologyPubMed ID
28241828PubMed Central ID
PMC5329927Additional Links
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12915-017-0351-0ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1186/s12915-017-0351-0
Scopus Count
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