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    A closed-loop forward osmosis-nanofiltration hybrid system: Understanding process implications through full-scale simulation

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Phuntsho, Sherub
    Kim, Jung Eun
    Hong, Seungkwan cc
    Ghaffour, NorEddine cc
    Leiknes, TorOve cc
    Choi, Joon Yong
    Shon, Ho Kyong
    KAUST Department
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Environmental Science and Engineering Program
    Water Desalination and Reuse Research Center (WDRC)
    Date
    2016-12-30
    Online Publication Date
    2016-12-30
    Print Publication Date
    2017-11
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/622160
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    This study presents simulation of a closed-loop forward osmosis (FO)-nanofiltration (NF) hybrid system using fertiliser draw solution (DS) based on thermodynamic mass balance in a full-scale system neglecting the non-idealities such as finite membrane area that may exist in a real process. The simulation shows that the DS input parameters such as initial concentrations and its flow rates cannot be arbitrarily selected for a plant with defined volume output. For a fixed FO-NF plant capacity and feed concentration, the required initial DS flow rate varies inversely with the initial DS concentration or vice-versa. The net DS mass flow rate, a parameter constant for a fixed plant capacity but that increases linearly with the plant capacity and feed concentration, is the most important operational parameter of a closed-loop system. Increasing either of them or both increases the mass flow rate to the system directly affecting the final concentration of the diluted DS with direct energy implications to the NF process. Besides, the initial DS concentration and flow rates are also limited by the optimum recovery rates at which NF process can be operated which otherwise also have direct implications to the NF energy. This simulation also presents quantitative analysis of the reverse diffusion of fertiliser nutrients towards feed brine and the gradual accumulation of feed solutes within the closed system.
    Citation
    Phuntsho S, Kim JE, Hong S, Ghaffour N, Leiknes T, et al. (2016) A closed-loop forward osmosis-nanofiltration hybrid system: Understanding process implications through full-scale simulation. Desalination. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.12.010.
    Sponsors
    This research was supported under various funding: Industrial Facilities & Infrastructure Research Program (14IFIP-B087385-01) by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of the South Korean Government, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Saudi Arabia, National Centre for Excellence in Desalination Australia (NCEDA), ARC Future Fellowship (FT140101208) and University of Technology Sydney chancellor's postdoctoral research fellowship.
    Publisher
    Elsevier BV
    Journal
    Desalination
    DOI
    10.1016/j.desal.2016.12.010
    Additional Links
    http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0011916416310694
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.desal.2016.12.010
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division; Environmental Science and Engineering Program; Water Desalination and Reuse Research Center (WDRC)

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