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    Numerical Simulations of Hollow-Cone Injection and Gasoline Compression Ignition Combustion With Naphtha Fuels

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Badra, Jihad A.
    Sim, Jaeheon cc
    Elwardani, Ahmed Elsaid cc
    Jaasim, Mohammed
    Viollet, Yoann
    Chang, Junseok
    Amer, Amer
    Im, Hong G. cc
    KAUST Department
    Clean Combustion Research Center
    Computational Reacting Flow Laboratory (CRFL)
    Mechanical Engineering Program
    Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division
    Date
    2016-01-29
    Online Publication Date
    2016-01-29
    Print Publication Date
    2016-02-23
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/621748
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    Gasoline compression ignition (GCI), also known as partially premixed compression ignition (PPCI) and gasoline direct injection compression ignition (GDICI), engines have been considered an attractive alternative to traditional spark ignition (SI) engines. Lean-burn combustion with the direct injection of fuel eliminates throttle losses for higher thermodynamic efficiencies, and the precise control of the mixture compositions allows better emission performance such as NOx and particulate matter (PM). Recently, low octane gasoline fuel has been identified as a viable option for the GCI engine applications due to its longer ignition delay characteristics compared to diesel and lighter evaporation compared to gasoline fuel (Chang et al., 2012, "Enabling High Efficiency Direct Injection Engine With Naphtha Fuel Through Partially Premixed Charge Compression Ignition Combustion," SAE Technical Paper No. 2012-01-0677). The feasibility of such a concept has been demonstrated by experimental investigations at Saudi Aramco (Chang et al., 2012, "Enabling High Efficiency Direct Injection Engine With Naphtha Fuel Through Partially Premixed Charge Compression Ignition Combustion," SAE Technical Paper No. 2012-01-0677; Chang et al., 2013, "Fuel Economy Potential of Partially Premixed Compression Ignition (PPCI) Combustion With Naphtha Fuel," SAE Technical Paper No. 2013-01-2701). The present study aims to develop predictive capabilities for low octane gasoline fuel compression ignition (CI) engines with accurate characterization of the spray dynamics and combustion processes. Full three-dimensional simulations were conducted using converge as a basic modeling framework, using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) turbulent mixing models. An outwardly opening hollow-cone spray injector was characterized and validated against existing and new experimental data. An emphasis was made on the spray penetration characteristics. Various spray breakup and collision models have been tested and compared with the experimental data. An optimum combination has been identified and applied in the combusting GCI simulations. Linear instability sheet atomization (LISA) breakup model and modified Kelvin-Helmholtz and Rayleigh-Taylor (KH-RT) break models proved to work the best for the investigated injector. Comparisons between various existing spray models and a parametric study have been carried out to study the effects of various spray parameters. The fuel effects have been tested by using three different primary reference fuel (PRF) and toluene primary reference fuel (TPRF) surrogates. The effects of fuel temperature and chemical kinetic mechanisms have also been studied. The heating and evaporative characteristics of the low octane gasoline fuel and its PRF and TPRF surrogates were examined. Copyright © 2016 by ASME.
    Citation
    Badra JA, Sim J, Elwardany A, Jaasim M, Viollet Y, et al. (2016) Numerical Simulations of Hollow-Cone Injection and Gasoline Compression Ignition Combustion With Naphtha Fuels. Journal of Energy Resources Technology 138: 052202. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4032622.
    Sponsors
    We acknowledge the help and support from Saurav Mitra and Sarangarajan Vijayraghavan from Convergent Science, Inc. (CSI). This work was sponsored by the Fuel Technology Division at Saudi Aramco R&DC. The work at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) was funded by KAUST and Saudi Aramco under the FUELCOM program.
    Publisher
    ASME International
    Journal
    Journal of Energy Resources Technology
    DOI
    10.1115/1.4032622
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1115/1.4032622
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division; Mechanical Engineering Program; Clean Combustion Research Center

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