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    Recent changes in continentality and aridity conditions over the Middle East and North Africa region, and their association with circulation patterns

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    Kenawy_CR_2016.pdf
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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    El Kenawy, Ahmed M. cc
    McCabe, Matthew cc
    Vicente-Serrano, Sergio M.
    Robaa, Sayed M.
    Lopez-Moreno, Juan I.
    KAUST Department
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Environmental Science and Engineering Program
    Water Desalination and Reuse Research Center (WDRC)
    Date
    2016-05-30
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/621076
    
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    Abstract
    A long-term (1960-2013) assessment of the variability of continentality and aridity conditions over the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region was undertaken. Monthly gridded temperature and precipitation data from the Climate Research Unit (CRU) (TS3.22 version) were used to compute the Johansson Continentality Index (JCI) and the Marsz Oceanity Index (MOI). In addition, the De Martonne index and the Pinna index were employed to assess recent changes in aridity conditions. All indices revealed a statistically significant increase in continental influences over the region, particularly in the Nile Basin and the Fertile Crescent. For aridity, the results suggested a generally statistically insignificant increase, with the most rapid changes occurring over the most humid regions (i.e. the Ethiopian Highlands and the Fertile Crescent). In order to explain the observed changes in the continentality and aridity conditions, we assessed the relationship between aridity and continentality indices and a wide range of large-scale circulation patterns. Results indicate that the spatial variability of continentality (as well as aridity) was closely coupled with the Atlantic modes of variability, e.g. the Eastern Atlantic pattern and the Atlantic Meridional Mode, compared to those of the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean. The results of this work highlight change processes in 2 important climate features in one of the hottest regions on Earth. Improving our understanding of the spatio-temporal characteristics of climate continentality and aridity has implications for a diversity of socio-political, economic, hydrological, and ecological activities in the MENA region.
    Citation
    El Kenawy A, McCabe M, Vicente-Serrano S, Robaa S, Lopez-Moreno J (2016) Recent changes in continentality and aridity conditions over the Middle East and North Africa region, and their association with circulation patterns. Clim Res 69: 25–43. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/cr01389.
    Sponsors
    Research reported in this publication was supported by the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Saudi Arabia. We wish to thank the Climate Research Unit (CRU) at the University of East Anglia (UK) for providing their data.
    Publisher
    Inter-Research Science Center
    Journal
    Climate Research
    DOI
    10.3354/cr01389
    Additional Links
    http://www.int-res.com/abstracts/cr/v69/n1/p25-43/
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.3354/cr01389
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division; Environmental Science and Engineering Program; Water Desalination and Reuse Research Center (WDRC)

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