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    Source identification of nitrous oxide emission pathways from a single-stage nitritation-anammox granular reactor

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Ali, Muhammad cc
    Rathnayake, Rathnayake M.L.D.
    Zhang, Lei
    Ishii, Satoshi
    Kindaichi, Tomonori
    Satoh, Hisashi
    Toyoda, Sakae
    Yoshida, Naohiro
    Okabe, Satoshi
    KAUST Department
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Water Desalination and Reuse Research Center (WDRC)
    Date
    2016-06-21
    Online Publication Date
    2016-06-21
    Print Publication Date
    2016-10
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/614390
    
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    Abstract
    Nitrous oxide (N2O) production pathway in a signal-stage nitritation-anammox sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was investigated based on a multilateral approach including real-time N2O monitoring, N2O isotopic composition analysis, and in-situ analyses of spatial distribution of N2O production rate and microbial populations in granular biomass. N2O emission rate was high in the initial phase of the operation cycle and gradually decreased with decreasing NH4+ concentration. The average emission of N2O was 0.98 ± 0.42% and 1.35 ± 0.72% of the incoming nitrogen load and removed nitrogen, respectively. The N2O isotopic composition analysis revealed that N2O was produced via NH2OH oxidation and NO2− reduction pathways equally, although there is an unknown influence from N2O reduction and/or anammox N2O production. However, the N2O isotopomer analysis could not discriminate the relative contribution of nitrifier denitrification and heterotrophic denitrification in the NO2− reduction pathway. Various in-situ techniques (e.g. microsensor measurements and FISH (fluorescent in-situ hybridization) analysis) were therefore applied to further identify N2O producers. Microsensor measurements revealed that approximately 70% of N2O was produced in the oxic surface zone, where nitrifiers were predominantly localized. Thus, NH2OH oxidation and NO2 reduction by nitrifiers (nitrifier-denitrification) could be responsible for the N2O production in the oxic zone. The rest of N2O (ca. 30%) was produced in the anammox bacteria-dominated anoxic zone, probably suggesting that NO2− reduction by coexisting putative heterotrophic denitrifiers and some other unknown pathway(s) including the possibility of anammox process account for the anaerobic N2O production. Further study is required to identify the anaerobic N2O production pathways. Our multilateral approach can be useful to quantitatively examine the relative contributions of N2O production pathways. Good understanding of the key N2O production pathways is essential to establish a strategy to mitigate N2O emission from biological nitrogen removal processes.
    Citation
    Source identification of nitrous oxide emission pathways from a single-stage nitritation-anammox granular reactor 2016, 102:147 Water Research
    Sponsors
    This research was financially supported by Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) CREST, Nagase Science and Technology Foundation, and Institute for Fermentation, Osaka (IFO), which were granted to S. Okabe. Authors express gratitude to the Gene Science Division, Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University for their technical support for FISH analysis. Authors are thankful for Yoshitaka Uchida (Assistant Professor, Hokkaido University) for useful discussion and providing technical support for dissolved N2O measurements.
    Publisher
    Elsevier BV
    Journal
    Water Research
    DOI
    10.1016/j.watres.2016.06.034
    PubMed ID
    27340816
    Additional Links
    http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0043135416304729
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.watres.2016.06.034
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division; Water Desalination and Reuse Research Center (WDRC)

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