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    Carbonic anhydrases are upstream regulators of CO2-controlled stomatal movements in guard cells

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Hu, Honghong
    Boisson-Dernier, Aurélien
    Israelsson-Nordström, Maria
    Böhmer, Maik
    Xue, Shaowu
    Ries, Amber
    Godoski, Jan
    Kuhn, Josef M.
    Schroeder, Julian I.
    KAUST Grant Number
    KUS-F1-021-31
    Date
    2009-12-13
    Online Publication Date
    2009-12-13
    Print Publication Date
    2010-01
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/597733
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    The continuing rise in atmospheric CO2 causes stomatal pores in leaves to close and thus globally affects CO2 influx into plants, water use efficiency and leaf heat stress. However, the CO2-binding proteins that control this response remain unknown. Moreover, which cell type responds to CO2, mesophyll or guard cells, and whether photosynthesis mediates this response are matters of debate. We demonstrate that Arabidopsis thaliana double-mutant plants in the beta-carbonic anhydrases betaCA1 and betaCA4 show impaired CO2-regulation of stomatal movements and increased stomatal density, but retain functional abscisic-acid and blue-light responses. betaCA-mediated CO2-triggered stomatal movements are not, in first-order, linked to whole leaf photosynthesis and can function in guard cells. Furthermore, guard cell betaca-overexpressing plants exhibit instantaneous enhanced water use efficiency. Guard cell expression of mammalian alphaCAII complements the reduced sensitivity of ca1 ca4 plants, showing that carbonic anhydrase-mediated catalysis is an important mechanism for betaCA-mediated CO2-induced stomatal closure and patch clamp analyses indicate that CO2/HCO3- transfers the signal to anion channel regulation. These findings, together with ht1-2 (ref. 9) epistasis analysis demonstrate that carbonic anhydrases function early in the CO2 signalling pathway, which controls gas-exchange between plants and the atmosphere.
    Citation
    Hu H, Boisson-Dernier A, Israelsson-Nordström M, Böhmer M, Xue S, et al. (2009) Carbonic anhydrases are upstream regulators of CO2-controlled stomatal movements in guard cells. Nat Cell Biol 12: 87–93. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncb2009.
    Sponsors
    We thank M. Maktabi, J. Young and C. Engineer for preliminary analyses of aca mutants, R. Xu for assistance, S. Zeeman for suggestions and K. Iba (Kyushu University, Japan) for providing ht1-2 seeds. This research was supported by NSF (MCB0918220), NIH (GM060396) and in part by DOE (DE-FG02-03ER15449) grants (to J. I. S.) and by fellowships from the Swedish Research Council Formas (to M. I. -N.), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (to M. B.), EMBO (to J. M. K.) and in part from the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST; No. KUS-F1-021-31 to H. H.).
    Publisher
    Springer Nature
    Journal
    Nature Cell Biology
    DOI
    10.1038/ncb2009
    PubMed ID
    20010812
    PubMed Central ID
    PMC2906259
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1038/ncb2009
    Scopus Count
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