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    A New Method for Water Desalination Using Microbial Desalination Cells

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Cao, Xiaoxin
    Huang, Xia
    Liang, Peng
    Xiao, Kang
    Zhou, Yingjun
    Zhang, Xiaoyuan cc
    Logan, Bruce E.
    KAUST Grant Number
    KUS-11-003-13
    Date
    2009-09-15
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/597342
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Current water desalination techniques are energy intensive and some use membranes operated at high pressures. It is shownhere that water desalination can be accomplished without electrical energy input or high water pressure by using a source of organic matter as the fuel to desalinate water. A microbial fuel cell was modified by placing two membranes between the anode and cathode, creating a middle chamber for water desalination between the membranes. An anion exchange membrane was placed adjacent to the anode, and a cation exchange membrane was positioned next to the cathode. When current was produced by bacteria on the anode, ionic species in the middle chamber were transferred into the two electrode chambers, desalinating the water in the middle chamber. Proof-of-concept experiments for this approach, using what we call a microbial desalination cell (MDC), was demonstrated using water at different initial salt concentrations (5, 20, and 35 g/L) with acetate used as the substrate for the bacteria. The MDC produced a maximum of 2 W/m2 (31 W/m3) while at the same time removing about 90% of the salt in a single desalination cycle. As the salt was removed from the middle chamber the ohmic resistance of the MDC (measured using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) increased from 25 Ω to 970 Ω at the end of the cycle. This increased resistance was reflected by a continuous decrease in the voltage produced over the cycle. These results demonstrate for the first time the possibility for a new method for water desalination and power production that uses only a source of biodegradable organic matter and bacteria. © 2009 American Chemical Society.
    Citation
    Cao X, Huang X, Liang P, Xiao K, Zhou Y, et al. (2009) A New Method for Water Desalination Using Microbial Desalination Cells. Environ Sci Technol 43: 7148–7152. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es901950j.
    Sponsors
    This research was supported by International Program of MOST (2006DFA91120) and 863 Project (2006AA06Z329) in China and Award KUS-11-003-13 (to B.E.L.) by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST).
    Publisher
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Journal
    Environmental Science & Technology
    DOI
    10.1021/es901950j
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1021/es901950j
    Scopus Count
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