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    Structural Controls on Groundwater Flow in Basement Terrains: Geophysical, Remote Sensing, and Field Investigations in Sinai

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Mohamed, Lamees
    Sultan, Mohamed
    Saad, Ahmed Mohamed cc
    Zaki, Abotalib
    Sauck, William
    Soliman, Farouk
    Yan, Eugene
    Elkadiri, Racha
    Abouelmagd, Abdou cc
    KAUST Department
    Water Desalination and Reuse Research Center (WDRC)
    Date
    2015-07-09
    Online Publication Date
    2015-07-09
    Print Publication Date
    2015-09
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/594091
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    An integrated [very low frequency (VLF) electromagnetic, magnetic, remote sensing, field, and geographic information system (GIS)] study was conducted over the basement complex in southern Sinai (Feiran watershed) for a better understanding of the structural controls on the groundwater flow. The increase in satellite-based radar backscattering values following a large precipitation event (34 mm on 17–18 January 2010) was used to identify water-bearing features, here interpreted as preferred pathways for surface water infiltration. Findings include: (1) spatial analysis in a GIS environment revealed that the distribution of the water-bearing features (conductive features) corresponds to that of fractures, faults, shear zones, dike swarms, and wadi networks; (2) using VLF (43 profiles), magnetic (7 profiles) techniques, and field observations, the majority (85 %) of the investigated conductive features were determined to be preferred pathways for groundwater flow; (3) northwest–southeast- to north–south-trending conductive features that intersect the groundwater flow (southeast to northwest) at low angles capture groundwater flow, whereas northeast–southwest to east–west features that intersect the flow at high angles impound groundwater upstream and could provide potential productive well locations; and (4) similar findings are observed in central Sinai: east–west-trending dextral shear zones (Themed and Sinai Hinge Belt) impede south to north groundwater flow as evidenced by the significant drop in hydraulic head (from 467 to 248 m above mean sea level) across shear zones and by reorientation of regional flow (south–north to southwest–northeast). The adopted integrated methodologies could be readily applied to similar highly fractured basement arid terrains elsewhere. © 2015 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
    Citation
    Mohamed L, Sultan M, Ahmed M, Zaki A, Sauck W, et al. (2015) Structural Controls on Groundwater Flow in Basement Terrains: Geophysical, Remote Sensing, and Field Investigations in Sinai. Surveys in Geophysics 36: 717–742. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10712-015-9331-5.
    Sponsors
    European Space Agency[11920]
    North Atlantic Treaty Organization[SFP 982614]
    Publisher
    Springer Nature
    Journal
    Surveys in Geophysics
    DOI
    10.1007/s10712-015-9331-5
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1007/s10712-015-9331-5
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Water Desalination and Reuse Research Center (WDRC)

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