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    Branched polymeric media: Perchlorate-selective resins from hyperbranched polyethyleneimine

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Chen, Dennis P.
    Yu, Changjun
    Chang, ChingYu
    Wan, Yanjian
    Frechet, Jean cc
    Goddard, William A.
    Diallo, Mamadou S.
    KAUST Department
    Chemical Science Program
    Office of the VP
    Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division
    Date
    2012-09-20
    Online Publication Date
    2012-09-20
    Print Publication Date
    2012-10-02
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/577045
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Perchlorate (ClO4 -) is a persistent contaminant found in drinking groundwater sources in the United States. Ion exchange (IX) with selective and disposable resins based on cross-linked styrene divinylbenzene (STY-DVB) beads is currently the most commonly utilized process for removing low concentrations of ClO4 - (10-100 ppb) from contaminated drinking water sources. However, due to the low exchange capacity of perchlorate-selective STY-DVB resins (∼0.5-0.8 eq/L), the overall cost becomes prohibitive when treating groundwater with higher concentration of ClO4 - (e.g., 100-1000 ppb). In this article, we describe a new perchlorate-selective resin with high exchange capacity. This new resin was prepared by alkylation of branched polyethyleneimine (PEI) beads obtained from an inverse suspension polymerization process. Batch and column studies show that our new PEI resin with mixed hexyl/ethyl quaternary ammonium chloride exchange sites can selectively extract trace amounts of ClO4 - from a makeup groundwater (to below detection limit) in the presence of competing ions. In addition, this resin has a strong-base exchange capacity of 1.4 eq/L, which is 1.75-2.33 times larger than those of commercial perchlorate-selective STY-DVB resins. The overall results of our studies suggest that branched PEI beads provide versatile and promising building blocks for the preparation of perchlorate-selective resins with high exchange capacity. © 2012 American Chemical Society.
    Sponsors
    This research was carried out at the California Institute of Technology and AquaNano, LLC. Selected materials characterization studies (FT-IR and SEM) were carried out at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST). Funding for this research was provided by the U.S National Science Foundation (NSF) [CBET Award 0506951]. M. S. Diallo and D. P. Chen were supported by the KAIST EEWS Initiative (NT080607C0209721). W. A. Goddard III was supported partially by the KAIST World Class University (WCU) program (NRF-31-2008-000-10055).
    Publisher
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Journal
    Environmental Science & Technology
    DOI
    10.1021/es301418j
    PubMed ID
    22950356
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1021/es301418j
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division; Chemical Science Program

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