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    NMR-based metabolomics in human disease diagnosis: Applications, limitations, and recommendations

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Emwas, Abdul-Hamid M.
    Salek, Reza M.
    Griffin, Julian L.
    Merzaban, Jasmeen cc
    KAUST Department
    Advanced Nanofabrication, Imaging and Characterization Core Lab
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Bioscience Program
    Imaging and Characterization Core Lab
    Date
    2013-04-03
    Online Publication Date
    2013-04-03
    Print Publication Date
    2013-10
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/566003
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    Metabolomics is a dynamic and emerging research field, similar to proteomics, transcriptomics and genomics in affording global understanding of biological systems. It is particularly useful in functional genomic studies in which metabolism is thought to be perturbed. Metabolomics provides a snapshot of the metabolic dynamics that reflect the response of living systems to both pathophysiological stimuli and/or genetic modification. Because this approach makes possible the examination of interactions between an organism and its diet or environment, it is particularly useful for identifying biomarkers of disease processes that involve the environment. For example, the interaction of a high fat diet with cardiovascular disease can be studied via such a metabolomics approach by modeling the interaction between genes and diet. The high reproducibility of NMR-based techniques gives this method a number of advantages over other analytical techniques in large-scale and long-term metabolomic studies, such as epidemiological studies. This approach has been used to study a wide range of diseases, through the examination of biofluids, including blood plasma/serum, urine, blister fluid, saliva and semen, as well as tissue extracts and intact tissue biopsies. However, complicating the use of NMR spectroscopy in biomarker discovery is the fact that numerous variables can effect metabolic composition including, fasting, stress, drug administration, diet, gender, age, physical activity, life style and the subject's health condition. To minimize the influence of these variations in the datasets, all experimental conditions including sample collection, storage, preparation as well as NMR spectroscopic parameters and data analysis should be optimized carefully and conducted in an identical manner as described by the local standard operating protocol. This review highlights the potential applications of NMR-based metabolomics studies and gives some recommendations to improve sample collection, sample preparation and data analysis in using this approach. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.
    Citation
    Emwas, A.-H. M., Salek, R. M., Griffin, J. L., & Merzaban, J. (2013). NMR-based metabolomics in human disease diagnosis: applications, limitations, and recommendations. Metabolomics, 9(5), 1048–1072. doi:10.1007/s11306-013-0524-y
    Sponsors
    We thank Dr. Virginia Unkefer and Dr. Zeyad Al-Talla from KAUST for their assistance and helpful remarks. Work in JLG's laboratory is funded by the BBSRC (MetaboLights) and the MRC (UD99999906).
    Publisher
    Springer Nature
    Journal
    Metabolomics
    DOI
    10.1007/s11306-013-0524-y
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1007/s11306-013-0524-y
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division; Bioscience Program; Imaging and Characterization Core Lab

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