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    Flow cytometric assessment of microbial abundance in the near-field area of seawater reverse osmosis concentrate discharge

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Van Der Merwe, Riaan
    Hammes, Frederik A.
    Lattemann, Sabine
    Amy, Gary L.
    KAUST Department
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Environmental Science and Engineering Program
    Water Desalination and Reuse Research Center (WDRC)
    Date
    2014-06
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/563567
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    The discharge of concentrate and other process waters from seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) plant operations into the marine environment may adversely affect water quality in the near-field area surrounding the outfall. The main concerns are the increase in salt concentration in receiving waters, which results in a density increase and potential water stratification near the outfall, and possible increases in turbidity, e.g., due to the discharge of filter backwash waters. Changes in ambient water quality may affect microbial abundance in the area, for example by hindering the photosynthesis process or disrupting biogenesis. It is widely accepted that marine biodiversity is lower in more extreme conditions, such as high salinity environments. As aquatic microbial communities respond very rapidly to changes in their environment, they can be used as indicators for monitoring ambient water quality. The objective of this study was to assess possible changes in microbial abundance as a result of concentrate discharge into the near-field area (<. 25. m) surrounding the outfall of the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) SWRO plant. Flow cytometric (FCM) analysis was conducted in order to rapidly determine microbial abundance on a single-cell level in 107 samples, taken by diving, from the discharge area, the intake area and two control sites. FCM analysis combined the measurement of distinct scatter of cells and particles, autofluorescence of cyanobacteria and algae, and fluorescence after staining of nucleic acids with SYBR® Green for a total bacterial count. The results indicate that changes in microbial abundance in the near-field area of the KAUST SWRO outfall are minor and appear to be the result of a dilution effect rather than a direct impact of the concentrate discharge. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.
    Citation
    Van der Merwe, R., Hammes, F., Lattemann, S., & Amy, G. (2014). Flow cytometric assessment of microbial abundance in the near-field area of seawater reverse osmosis concentrate discharge. Desalination, 343, 208–216. doi:10.1016/j.desal.2014.01.017
    Publisher
    Elsevier BV
    Journal
    Desalination
    DOI
    10.1016/j.desal.2014.01.017
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.desal.2014.01.017
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division; Environmental Science and Engineering Program; Water Desalination and Reuse Research Center (WDRC)

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