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    Tissue- and stage-dependent dosage compensation on the Neo-X chromosome in drosophila pseudoobscura

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Nozawa, Masafumi
    Fukuda, Nana
    Ikeo, Kazuho
    Gojobori, Takashi cc
    KAUST Department
    Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC)
    Bioscience Program
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Date
    2013-12-03
    Online Publication Date
    2013-12-03
    Print Publication Date
    2014-03
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/563139
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    Sex chromosome dosage compensation (DC) is widely accepted in various organisms. This concept is mostly supported by comparisons of gene expression between chromosomes and between sexes. However, genes on the X chromosome and autosomes are mostly not homologous, and the average gene expression level on these chromosomes may not be the same even under DC, which complicates comparisons between chromosomes. Many genes with sex-biased expression also make comparisons between sexes difficult. To overcome these issues, we investigated DC by comparing the expression of neo-X-linked genes in Drosophila pseudoobscura with those of their autosomal orthologs in other Drosophila species. The ratio of the former to the latter in males would be 1 under DC, whereas it becomes 0.5 without DC. We found that the ratio was ∼0.85 for adult whole bodies, indicating that the DC is incomplete on the neo-X chromosome in adults as a whole. The ratio (∼0.90) was also significantly less than 1 for adult bodies without gonads, whereas it was ∼1.0 for adult heads. These results indicate that DC varies among tissues. Our sliding-window analysis of the ratio also revealed that the upregulation of neo-X-linked genes in males occurred chromosome wide in all tissues analyzed, indicating global upregulation mechanisms. However, we found that gene functions also affected the levels of DC. Furthermore, most of the genes recently moved to the X were already under DC at the larval stage but not at the adult stage. These results suggest that DC in Drosophila species operates in a tissue/stage-dependent manner. © 2013 The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. All rights reserved.
    Citation
    Nozawa, M., Fukuda, N., Ikeo, K., & Gojobori, T. (2013). Tissue- and Stage-Dependent Dosage Compensation on the Neo-X Chromosome in Drosophila pseudoobscura. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 31(3), 614–624. doi:10.1093/molbev/mst239
    Publisher
    Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Journal
    Molecular Biology and Evolution
    DOI
    10.1093/molbev/mst239
    PubMed ID
    24307686
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1093/molbev/mst239
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division; Bioscience Program; Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC)

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