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    Automated synthesis of photovoltaic-quality colloidal quantum dots using separate nucleation and growth stages

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Pan, Jun cc
    El Ballouli, Ala'a
    Rollny, Lisa R.
    Voznyy, Oleksandr cc
    Burlakov, Victor M.
    Goriely, Alain cc
    Sargent, E. H.
    Bakr, Osman cc
    KAUST Department
    Functional Nanomaterials Lab (FuNL)
    KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)
    KAUST Solar Center (KSC)
    Material Science and Engineering Program
    Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division
    KAUST Grant Number
    KUS-11-009-21
    GRP-CF-2011-21-P/S
    Date
    2013-10-21
    Online Publication Date
    2013-10-21
    Print Publication Date
    2013-11-26
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/563104
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    As colloidal quantum dot (CQD) optoelectronic devices continue to improve, interest grows in the scaled-up and automated synthesis of high-quality materials. Unfortunately, all reports of record-performance CQD photovoltaics have been based on small-scale batch syntheses. Here we report a strategy for flow reactor synthesis of PbS CQDs and prove that it leads to solar cells having performance similar to that of comparable batch-synthesized nanoparticles. Specifically, we find that, only when using a dual-temperature-stage flow reactor synthesis reported herein, are the CQDs of sufficient quality to achieve high performance. We use a kinetic model to explain and optimize the nucleation and growth processes in the reactor. Compared to conventional single-stage flow-synthesized CQDs, we achieve superior quality nanocrystals via the optimized dual-stage reactor, with high photoluminescence quantum yield (50%) and narrow full width-half-maximum. The dual-stage flow reactor approach, with its versatility and rapid screening of multiple parameters, combined with its efficient materials utilization, offers an attractive path to automated synthesis of CQDs for photovoltaics and, more broadly, active optoelectronics. © 2013 American Chemical Society.
    Citation
    Pan, J., El-Ballouli, A. O., Rollny, L., Voznyy, O., Burlakov, V. M., Goriely, A., … Bakr, O. M. (2013). Automated Synthesis of Photovoltaic-Quality Colloidal Quantum Dots Using Separate Nucleation and Growth Stages. ACS Nano, 7(11), 10158–10166. doi:10.1021/nn404397d
    Sponsors
    This publication is based in part on work supported by awards KUS-11-009-21 and GRP-CF-2011-21-P/S, made by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). V.M.B. acknowledges the support of the Oxford Martin School Fellowship and the Oxford Martin School. A.G. acknowledges the support of the Wolfson/Royal Society Merit Award, a Reintegration Grant under EC Framework VII, and the support of the EPSRC through Grant No. EP/I017070/1. We acknowledge the work of E. Palmiano, R. Wolowiec, and D. Kopilovic. We acknowledge the Canada Foundation for Innovation, project number 19119, the Ontario Research Fund of the Centre for Spectroscopic Investigation of Complex Organic Molecules and Polymers, and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada for funding.
    Publisher
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Journal
    ACS Nano
    DOI
    10.1021/nn404397d
    PubMed ID
    24131473
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1021/nn404397d
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division; Material Science and Engineering Program; KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC); KAUST Solar Center (KSC)

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