Technical feasibility of a seabed gallery system for SWRO facilities at Shoaiba, Saudi Arabia, and regions with similar geology
Type
ArticleKAUST Department
Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) DivisionEnvironmental Science and Engineering Program
Water Desalination and Reuse Research Center (WDRC)
Date
2014-04-10Online Publication Date
2014-04-10Print Publication Date
2014-12-06Permanent link to this record
http://hdl.handle.net/10754/562958
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Subsurface intakes can be used as part of the pretreatment system for seawater reverse osmosis facilities. Wells of various designs and galleries are being used for intakes at many sites globally to reduce pretreatment costs, chemical usage, biofouling potential, and environmental impacts (entrainment and impingement). The goal of using a subsurface intake is to reduce or replace conventional pretreatment processes. A field and laboratory investigation was undertaken to assess the feasibility of developing a seabed gallery intake offshore near the Shoaiba seawater RO (SWRO) plant site (150,000 m3/d treatment capacity) that could be used to replace the current intake used for only the RO capacity. A survey of the beach and offshore area was made and 51 sediment samples were collected from the seabed for laboratory analysis of grain size distribution, porosity, and hydraulic conductivity. Field observations showed that the marine bottom has a low slope from the shoreline seaward a distance of about 100 m to a depth of about 1.0 m before it steepens to a depth of over 2 m at 150 m from shore. The site has a relativity thin cover of unlithified carbonate sands, 2-5 cm thick, sitting on a soft coralline limestone of Pleistocene age. The sediments investigated were found to be clean carbonate or slightly muddy carbonate sands with mean grain diameters ranging mostly between 0.25 and 0.5 mm. Most of the area investigated contained a mud percentage between 0 and 5%. The measured porosity values range between 0.33 and 0.45 and measured hydraulic conductivity values from about 1.6 to 79.5 m/d with 64.6 m/d being the maximum offshore value. A preliminary design was developed to meet the full operational capacity of the Shoaiba SWRO treatment plant which would require 375,000 m3/d of raw water to produce 150,000 m3/d of permeate (40% conversion assumed for Red Sea water with a TDS of 41,000 mg/L). The design of the RO plant uses 10 trains to produce the 150,000 m3/d of product, but at full operational efficiency, only nine trains would produce the required capacity. The engineered gallery design included five layers with a total thickness of 3 m. The proposed infiltration rate is 7 m/d with the possibility of increasing it to 10 m/d. The gallery design consists of 10 cells (one for each train) producing 42,000 m3/d each. The cells have dimensions of 30 × 200 m and an aggregate area of 60,000 m2. It is believed that use of the seabed gallery at this site is feasible and would reduce environmental impacts by eliminating impingement and entrainment of marine organisms, the use of chlorine in the process, the use of coagulants in the pretreatment filtration process, the disposal of marine debris and coagulant sludge, and may eliminate the need for use of any additional pretreatment before the cartridge filters. © 2014 © 2014 Balaban Desalination Publications. All rights reserved.Citation
Lujan, L. R., & Missimer, T. M. (2014). Technical feasibility of a seabed gallery system for SWRO facilities at Shoaiba, Saudi Arabia, and regions with similar geology. Desalination and Water Treatment, 52(40-42), 7431–7442. doi:10.1080/19443994.2014.909630Sponsors
This research was funded by the Water Desalination and Reuse Center, and from baseline research funding provided by the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. It is the mission of KAUST to conduct research and make improvements in energy consumption, water cost, food security, and reductions in environmental impacts.Publisher
Informa UK LimitedJournal
Desalination and Water Treatmentae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1080/19443994.2014.909630