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    Anisotropic surface strain in single crystalline cobalt nanowires and its impact on the diameter-dependent Young's modulus

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Huang, Xiaohu
    Li, Guanghai
    Kong, Lingbing
    Huang, Yizhong
    Wu, Tao cc
    KAUST Department
    KAUST Solar Center (KSC)
    Laboratory of Nano Oxides for Sustainable Energy
    Material Science and Engineering Program
    Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division
    Date
    2013
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/562545
    
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    Abstract
    Understanding and measuring the size-dependent surface strain of nanowires are essential to their applications in various emerging devices. Here, we report on the diameter-dependent surface strain and Young's modulus of single-crystalline Co nanowires investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction measurements. Diameter-dependent initial longitudinal elongation of the nanowires is observed and ascribed to the anisotropic surface stress due to the Poisson effect, which serves as the basis for mechanical measurements. As the nanowire diameter decreases, a transition from the "smaller is softer" regime to the "smaller is tougher" regime is observed in the Young's modulus of the nanowires, which is attributed to the competition between the elongation softening and the surface stiffening effects. Our work demonstrates a new nondestructive method capable of measuring the initial surface strain and estimating the Young's modulus of single crystalline nanowires, and provides new insights on the size effect. © 2013 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
    Sponsors
    The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 11174285), the Innovation Centre of Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (Grant no. ING12050-ENG(IGN)) and Singapore Ministry of Education (Grant no. RG44/12).
    Publisher
    Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
    Journal
    Nanoscale
    DOI
    10.1039/c3nr81284g
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1039/c3nr81284g
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division; Material Science and Engineering Program; KAUST Solar Center (KSC)

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